Abstract As nanomaterials have become more accessible, nanoscale biosensor research has expanded to many useful applications. One such nanomaterial is the single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT), which fluoresces in the near-infrared biological window, making it ideal for in vivo applications. SWCNT can be suspended in water when non-covalently functionalized with an amphiphilic polymer or surfactant (e.g. ‘wrapped’); the suspended SWCNT can act as a simple optical probe or as a sensor by engineering the wrapping to have selective domains. The process of suspending nanotubes is typically achieved by sonication. While much application-focused research has been performed on SWCNT sensors and probes, little has been done to understand factors affecting SWCNT fluorescent quality after suspension. We explored effects of sonication power and duration on an array of nine potential wrappings including proteins, DNA, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, synthetic polymers, and surfactant solutions. Optimal sonication conditions were found to vary on an individual wrapping basis. These trends may be used to predict optimal processing conditions to suspend SWCNT with maximal start fluorescence for various wrappings, improving dynamic range and sensitivity. These results also point to the need for control of sonication conditions in large scale synthesis to ensure tighter batch-to-batch reproducibility of nanotube sensors.

中文翻译：

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超声处理条件和包裹类型对非共价功能化单壁碳纳米管产率和荧光质量的影响

摘要 随着纳米材料变得越来越容易获得，纳米生物传感器的研究已经扩展到许多有用的应用。一种这样的纳米材料是单壁碳纳米管 (SWCNT)，它在近红外生物窗口中发出荧光，使其成为体内应用的理想选择。当用两亲聚合物或表面活性剂进行非共价官能化（例如“包裹”）时，SWCNT 可以悬浮在水中；悬浮的单壁碳纳米管可以作为一个简单的光学探针或传感器，通过设计包裹具有选择性域。悬浮纳米管的过程通常通过超声处理来实现。虽然已经对 SWCNT 传感器和探针进行了许多以应用为重点的研究，但很少有人了解影响悬浮后 SWCNT 荧光质量的因素。我们探索了超声处理功率和持续时间对包括蛋白质、DNA、寡糖、多糖、合成聚合物和表面活性剂溶液在内的九种潜在包装物的影响。发现最佳超声处理条件因个别包装而异。这些趋势可用于预测最佳处理条件，以针对各种包装以最大起始荧光暂停 SWCNT，从而提高动态范围和灵敏度。这些结果还表明需要在大规模合成中控制超声处理条件，以确保纳米管传感器更严格的批次间重现性。这些趋势可用于预测最佳处理条件，以针对各种包装以最大起始荧光暂停 SWCNT，从而提高动态范围和灵敏度。这些结果还表明需要在大规模合成中控制超声处理条件，以确保纳米管传感器更严格的批次间重现性。这些趋势可用于预测最佳处理条件，以针对各种包装以最大起始荧光暂停 SWCNT，从而提高动态范围和灵敏度。这些结果还表明需要在大规模合成中控制超声处理条件，以确保纳米管传感器更严格的批次间重现性。