Advances in scaling down heterostructures and having an improved interface quality together with atomically-thin two-dimensional materials suggest a novel approach to systematically design materials. A given material can be transformed through proximity effects whereby it acquires properties of its neighbors, for example, becoming superconducting, magnetic, topologically nontrivial, or with an enhanced spin-orbit coupling. Such proximity effects not only complement the conventional methods of designing materials by doping or functionalization, but can also overcome their various limitations. In proximitized materials it is possible to realize properties that are not present in any constituent region of the considered heterostructure. While the focus is on magnetic and spin-orbit proximity effects with their applications in spintronics, the outlined principles provide also a broader framework for employing other proximity effects to tailor materials and realize novel phenomena.

中文翻译：

---

邻近材料

在按比例缩小异质结构和具有改进的界面质量以及原子级薄的二维材料方面的进展表明了一种系统设计材料的新方法。给定的材料可以通过邻近效应发生转变，从而获得其邻居的特性，例如，变得超导、磁性、拓扑非平凡或具有增强的自旋轨道耦合。这种邻近效应不仅补充了通过掺杂或功能化设计材料的传统方法，而且还可以克服它们的各种限制。在接近的材料中，可以实现在所考虑的异质结构的任何组成区域中不存在的特性。虽然重点是磁性和自旋轨道邻近效应及其在自旋电子学中的应用，