Abstract Researchers have spent decades exploring strategies for reducing energy consumption in buildings worldwide, proposing passive solutions and optimizing active systems. However, no breakthrough technology has been developed. The use of thermoelectricity in buildings for heating, cooling and ventilation has been proposed as an alternative solution to many systems anchored in our day-to-day. This paper seeks to classify, analyze and summarize the possibilities of the thermoelectric technology integration in buildings. The results obtained from the search were divided into two main groups: systems that are integrated in the building envelope and non-integrated systems that operate independently. Among the analyzed parameters, on the one hand the characteristics of the prototypes' components needed for the construction were described. On the other, the thermoelectric specific parameters required for optimization under the operating scenarios' conditions were studied. The results of most of the studies showed that even though the technology can provide the comfort conditions, still the performance of these systems is not competitive compared to conventional vapor compression systems. However, the advantages of thermoelectricity such us the non-use of refrigerants or the high durability, makes this technology an alternative solution to consider, of which interest is growing in line with recent studies.

中文翻译：

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建筑物供暖、制冷和通风的热电势研究：表征选项和应用

摘要 研究人员花费了数十年时间探索降低全球建筑能耗的策略，提出被动解决方案并优化主动系统。但是，尚未开发出突破性技术。在建筑物中使用热电进行供暖、制冷和通风已被提议作为我们日常生活中许多系统的替代解决方案。本文旨在对热电技术在建筑中的集成可能性进行分类、分析和总结。从搜索中获得的结果分为两大类：集成在建筑围护结构中的系统和独立运行的非集成系统。在分析的参数中，一方面描述了构造所需的原型组件的特性。另一方面，研究了在操作场景条件下优化所需的热电特定参数。大多数研究的结果表明，尽管该技术可以提供舒适的条件，但与传统的蒸汽压缩系统相比，这些系统的性能仍然没有竞争力。然而，热电的优势，例如不使用制冷剂或高耐用性，使这项技术成为一个可供考虑的替代解决方案，随着最近的研究，人们对这种技术的兴趣正在增长。与传统的蒸汽压缩系统相比，这些系统的性能仍然没有竞争力。然而，热电的优势（例如不使用制冷剂或高耐用性）使该技术成为可供考虑的替代解决方案，随着最近的研究，人们对这种技术的兴趣正在增长。与传统的蒸汽压缩系统相比，这些系统的性能仍然没有竞争力。然而，热电的优势（例如不使用制冷剂或高耐用性）使该技术成为可供考虑的替代解决方案，随着最近的研究，人们对这种技术的兴趣正在增长。