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Changes in the Soil to Brown Rice Concentration Ratio of Radiocaesium before and after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident in 2011
Environmental Science & Technology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2018-07-11 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b01745
Keiko Tagami 1 , Hirofumi Tsukada 2 , Shigeo Uchida 1 , Brenda J. Howard 3
Affiliation  

Radiocaesium (RCs) mobility in soil is initially relatively high when the nuclide first comes into contact with soil, after which the mobile fraction decreases with time due to RCs fixation to soil particles (aging effect). Consequently, the RCs activity concentration in plants grown in soil was expected to decrease with time after the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident in 2011. In this study, we collated data on concentration ratios (CR) of RCs between brown rice grain and paddy soil and compared CR values reported for periods before and after the accident. For this purpose, soil and rice data were collected after the accident specifically from paddy fields that did not have additional potassium fertilizer added (for remediation purposes). The geometric mean rice/soil CR of RCs for all types of soil was 1.2 × 10–2 in 2011 (n = 62) and by 2013 the value had declined to 3.5 × 10–3 (n = 32), which was similar to that for 1995–2007 of 3.4 × 10–3 (n = 120). The comparison suggests that the mean soil-to-rice grain concentration ratio had returned to that prevailing before the accident after less than three years. It was also confirmed that CR values for rice sampled from paddy fields were lower than those obtained from pot experiments.

中文翻译:

2011年福岛第一核电站事故之前和之后土壤中放射性铯对糙米的浓度比变化

当核素首先与土壤接触时,土壤中的放射性铯(R Cs)迁移率最初相对较高,此后,由于R Cs固定在土壤颗粒上(时效),移动性分数随时间降低。因此,在2011年福岛第一核电站事故后,土壤中植物中Rs的活性浓度预计会随时间下降。在本研究中,我们整理了R的浓度比(CR)的数据。糙米粒与稻田之间的Cs并比较事故前后报告的CR值。为此,事故发生后,特别是从没有添加钾肥的稻田中收集土壤和水稻数据(用于补救)。2011年,所有土壤的R Cs的几何平均稻米/土壤CR值为1.2×10 –2n = 62),到2013年,该值下降到3.5×10 –3n = 32),这是相似的与1995-2007年的3.4×10 -3n= 120)。比较结果表明,不到三年的时间,平均土壤对稻米的颗粒浓度比已恢复到事故发生前的平均水平。还证实从稻田采样的水稻的CR值低于盆栽试验获得的CR值。
更新日期:2018-07-12
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