ExoMars is a two-launch mission undertaken by Roscosmos and European Space Agency. Trace Gas Orbiter, a satellite part of the 2016 launch carries the Fine Resolution Neutron Detector instrument as part of its payload. The instrument aims at mapping hydrogen content in the upper meter of Martian soil with spatial resolution between 60 and 200 km diameter spot. This resolution is achieved by a collimation module that limits the field of view of the instruments detectors. A dosimetry module that surveys the radiation environment in cruise to Mars and on orbit around it is another part of the instrument.This paper describes the mission and the instrument, its measurement principles and technical characteristics. We perform an initial assessment of our sensitivity and time required to achieve the mission goal. The Martian atmosphere is a parameter that needs to be considered in data analysis of a collimated neutron instrument. This factor is described in a section of this paper. Finally, the first data accumulated during cruise to Mars is presented.

中文翻译：

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ExoMars 示踪气体轨道器上的高分辨率超热中子探测器 (FREND)

ExoMars 是由 Roscosmos 和欧洲航天局进行的两次发射任务。痕量气体轨道飞行器是 2016 年发射的卫星部分，将高分辨率中子探测器作为其有效载荷的一部分。该仪器旨在以 60 至 200 公里直径点的空间分辨率绘制火星土壤上部米中的氢含量。该分辨率是通过准直模块实现的，该模块限制了仪器探测器的视野。该仪器的另一部分是对火星巡航及其轨道上的辐射环境进行测量的剂量学模块。本文介绍了任务和仪器、其测量原理和技术特点。我们对实现任务目标所需的敏感度和时间进行初步评估。火星大气是准直中子仪器数据分析需要考虑的参数。本文的一个部分描述了这个因素。最后，展示了在火星巡航期间积累的第一批数据。