Abstract The achievement of a high esthetic value in polycrystalline yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia (Y-TZP)-based dental restorations is hindered by the low translucency of Y-TZP. Thus, this study investigated the effects of processing method and sintering temperature on the translucency of Y-TZP for dental applications. Wet (slip casting) and dry (cold isostatic pressing) processing methods were used. Y-TZP specimens were fabricated by applying the processing methods and sintering at different temperatures (1450–1650 °C). The mechanical, morphological, and optical properties of the Y-TZP specimens were examined and compared. The specimens were benchmarked with a commercial Y-TZP, namely, Cercon©. Results showed that wet processing produced higher mechanical properties and translucency than dry processing. This finding can be mainly attributed to the higher capability of wet processing than dry processing in alleviating the agglomeration in Y-TZP. Among the several specimens that were tested, the slip-casted Y-TZP that was sintered at 1600 °C showed the optimum mechanical properties (99.5% density and 12.7 GPa hardness) and translucency (35% light transmission) for dental applications. Furthermore, the light transmission achieved in this study was approximately three times higher than that of the commercial Y-TZP (13%), thereby indicating a potential alternative to replace the commercial Y-TZP. Highly translucent Y-TZP with excellent mechanical properties was developed in this study through wet processing with a sintering temperature of 1600 °C. The developed Y-TZP can be an alternative to commercial products to produce a highly esthetic dental restoration.

中文翻译：

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加工方法和烧结温度对牙科用多晶氧化钇稳定四方氧化锆半透明性的影响

摘要 Y-TZP 的低半透明性阻碍了多晶氧化钇稳定四方氧化锆 (Y-TZP) 基牙齿修复体的高美学价值。因此，本研究调查了加工方法和烧结温度对用于牙科应用的 Y-TZP 半透明性的影响。使用湿法（滑铸）和干法（冷等静压）加工方法。Y-TZP 试样是通过应用加工方法和在不同温度（1450-1650 °C）下烧结制成的。对 Y-TZP 试样的机械、形态和光学性能进行了检查和比较。样品以商用 Y-TZP 为基准，即 Cercon©。结果表明，湿法加工比干法加工产生更高的机械性能和半透明度。这一发现主要归因于湿法加工比干法加工在减轻 Y-TZP 中的团聚方面具有更高的能力。在测试的几个样品中，在 1600 °C 下烧结的滑铸 Y-TZP 显示出牙科应用的最佳机械性能（99.5% 的密度和 12.7 GPa 的硬度）和半透明性（35% 的透光率）。此外，本研究中实现的透光率大约是商用 Y-TZP (13%) 的三倍，从而表明替代商用 Y-TZP 的潜在替代品。本研究通过湿法加工开发出具有优异机械性能的高半透明 Y-TZP，烧结温度为 1600 °C。