The endocannabinoid system is an increasingly recognised pharmacological target for treating stress and anxiety disorders, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Recent preclinical developments have implicated the endocannabinoid system in stress responses, emotional memories and fear extinction, all critical to PTSD aetiology. However, preclinical research in endocannabinoid biology has neglected the influential role of sex hormone differences on PTSD symptomology, which is particularly important given that PTSD is twice as common in women as in men. In this review, we compile and consider the evidence that the endocannabinoid system is influenced by ovarian hormones, with application to stress disorders such as PTSD. It is clear that therapeutic modulation of the endocannabinoid system needs to be approached with awareness of ovarian hormonal influences, and knowledge of these influences may enhance treatment outcomes for female PTSD populations.

内源性大麻素系统是治疗压力和焦虑症（包括创伤后应激障碍（PTSD））的药物学靶标，在治疗中得到了越来越多的认可。临床前的最新发展已将内源性大麻素系统牵连到应激反应，情绪记忆和恐惧消退中，这对PTSD病因至关重要。但是，内源性大麻素生物学的临床前研究已经忽略了性激素差异对PTSD症状的影响，这一点尤其重要，因为PTSD在女性中的发病率是男性的两倍。在本综述中，我们汇编并考虑了证据，表明内源性大麻素系统受卵巢激素影响，并应用于应激障碍（如PTSD）。