BACKGROUND Breast milk represents the optimal substrate for all infants, including those with a cleft palate for whom growth may be compromised. OBJECTIVES Frequency of breast milk feeding at the breast and per feeder (bottle, cup, enteral tube) in infants with cleft palate was determined and compared with rates reported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. A secondary aim was to review growth status of the infants. DESIGN This study represents a 5-year retrospective review using the electronic medical record. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING Patients were ≤12 months old at the time of the initial, presurgical encounter after a diagnosis of cleft palate had been made and were treated at one of two pediatric cleft palate and craniofacial centers in Ohio between September 30, 2010, and September 30, 2015. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Outcomes measured were breast milk use, reported by mothers and documented in patients' electronic medical records, chronological body weight, as well as weight for length and weight-for-age z scores and percentiles. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED Descriptive statistics included median with interquartile range and frequency with percentages. World Health Organization z scores were estimated using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention programs for weight, weight for length, and weight for age at first visit. Comparisons of infants treated at the two hospitals were done using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test or the χ2 test. RESULTS Breast milk consumption (26 infants were breastfed and 84 received human breast milk administered with a device) was 29.5%, markedly below the 2016 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention national statistics for ever receiving breast milk (81%). Anthropometric findings included z scores of -0.95 and -0.42 for weight for age and weight for length, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Infants with cleft palate were seldom breastfed, nor was breast milk frequently used. In addition, median weight-for-age and weight-for-length z scores suggest that growth of infants with cleft palate was below normative standards.

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一项确定腭裂婴儿母乳喂养差异的回顾性研究

背景母乳是所有婴儿的最佳基质，包括可能影响发育的腭裂婴儿。目的 确定腭裂婴儿的母乳喂养频率和每个喂奶器（奶瓶、杯子、肠内管）的频率，并与疾病控制和预防中心报告的比率进行比较。次要目的是检查婴儿的生长状况。设计 本研究是一项使用电子病历的 5 年回顾性研究。参与者和地点 在诊断出腭裂后首次术前就诊时，患者年龄≤12 个月，并于 2010 年 9 月 30 日至 9 月期间在俄亥俄州的两个儿科腭裂和颅面中心之一接受治疗2015 年 30 月。主要结局指标 测量的结局包括母乳使用情况，由母亲报告并记录在患者的电子病历中，按时间顺序排列的体重，以及身长体重和年龄别体重 z 评分和百分位数。执行的统计分析 描述性统计包括四分位距的中位数和百分比的频率。世界卫生组织的 z 分数是使用疾病控制和预防中心的首次就诊时的体重、身长体重和年龄体重计划估算的。使用 Wilcoxon 秩和检验或 χ2 检验对在两家医院接受治疗的婴儿进行比较。结果 母乳消耗量（26 名婴儿接受母乳喂养，84 名婴儿接受了通过装置给药的人乳）为 29.5%，明显低于 2016 年疾病控制和预防中心的国家统计数据（81%）。人体测量结果包括年龄别体重和身长体重的 z 分数分别为 -0.95 和 -0.42。结论患有腭裂的婴儿很少母乳喂养，也不经常使用母乳。此外，年龄别体重和身长别体重 z 分数的中位数表明，腭裂婴儿的生长低于正常标准。