The current knowledge about early-life nutrition and environmental factors that affect the interaction between the symbiotic microbiota and the host immune system has demonstrated novel regulatory target for treating allergic diseases, autoimmune disorders and metabolic syndrome. Various kinds of food nutrients (such as dietary fiber, starch, polyphenols and proteins) can provide energy resources for both intestinal microbiota and the host. The indigestible food components are fermented by the indigenous gut microbiota to produce diverse metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids, bile acids and trimethylamine-N-oxide, which can regulate the host metabolized physiology, immunity homeostasis and health state. Therefore it is commonly believed early-life perturbation of the microbial community structure and the dietary nutrition interference on the child mucosal immunity contribute to the whole life susceptibility to chronic diseases. In all, the combined interrelationship between food ingredients nutrition, intestinal microbiota configurations and host system immunity provides new therapeutic targets to treat various kinds of pathogenic inflammations and chronic diseases.

中文翻译：

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生命早期的食物营养，微生物群的成熟和免疫力的发展将终生健康

当前关于影响共生微生物群与宿主免疫系统之间相互作用的早期营养和环境因素的当前知识已证明可用于治疗变应性疾病，自身免疫性疾病和代谢综合征的新型调节靶标。各种食物营养素（例如膳食纤维，淀粉，多酚和蛋白质）可以为肠道菌群和宿主提供能量资源。不可消化的食物成分通过本地肠道菌群发酵产生多种代谢产物，包括短链脂肪酸，胆汁酸和三甲胺-N-氧化物，它们可以调节宿主的代谢生理，免疫稳态和健康状况。因此，通常认为微生物群落结构的早期生命扰动和饮食营养对儿童粘膜免疫力的干扰导致终身对慢性疾病的易感性。总之，食品成分营养，肠道菌群结构和宿主系统免疫力之间的综合相互关系为治疗各种病原性炎症和慢性疾病提供了新的治疗靶标。