Three novel gold(I) complexes based on triphenylamine, carbazole or tetraphenylethylene moiety have been successfully designed and synthesized. Meanwhile, their structures were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and elemental analysis. Their solid-state luminescence characteristics were surveyed by photoluminescence spectroscopy, and their distinct mechanical stimulus-responsive behaviors in the solid state were also investigated by photoluminescence spectroscopy. Interestingly, the solid-state phosphorescence and emission lifetimes of these mononuclear gold(I) complexes 1–3 could be tuned by introducing different fluorophores involving triphenylamine, carbazole or tetraphenylethylene. Furthermore, luminogen 1 exhibited switchable mechanochromic luminescence behavior with color change from yellow to colorless, and the solid-state luminescence on-off mechanochromism between yellow-green and colorless of luminogen 2 could also be observed. However, no mechanochromism phenomenon was observed for tetraphenylethene-containing luminogen 3. The powder X-ray diffraction results suggested that the unusual high-contrast mechanochromism characteristics of luminogens 1 and 2 could be attributed to a crystalline-to- amorphous morphology transition.

已成功设计和合成了基于三苯胺，咔唑或四苯乙烯部分的三种新型金（I）配合物。同时，通过核磁共振波谱和元素分析对它们的结构进行了表征。通过光致发光光谱法研究了它们的固态发光特性，并且还通过光致发光光谱法研究了它们在固态下独特的机械刺激响应行为。有趣的是，这些单核金固态磷光和发射寿命（I）配合物1 - 3可以通过引入三苯胺涉及，咔唑或四苯基不同的荧光团来调谐。此外，发光素1呈现出可切换的变色发光行为，颜色从黄色变为无色，并且还可以观察到黄绿色和无色发光体2之间的固态发光开-关变色现象。然而，对于含四苯基乙烯的发光剂3，没有观察到机械变色现象。粉末X射线衍射结果表明，发光剂1和2异常的高对比度机械致变色特性可归因于晶体到非晶态的形态转变。