The study of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and an amperometric biosensor for the detection of the pyrethroid deltamethrin in seawater is reported. The preparation of specific polyclonal antibodies is addressed using two immunizing haptens based on deltamethrin and cypermethrin compounds, with a spacer arm placed at the cyano residue in the pyrethroid structure. Different conjugates based on bovine serum albumin and aminodextran are prepared depending on the lipophilic profile of the competitor haptens studied. A reproducible and sensitive indirect competitive ELISA is developed, reaching a limit of detection of 1.2 ± 0.04 μg L⁻¹ and an IC₅₀ value of 21.4 ± 0.3 μg L⁻¹ (both n = 3). For validation of the assays described, artificial seawater samples fortified with deltamethrin are analyzed. For the ELISA assay, these accuracy studies reported a slope of 0.904. An amperometric immunosensor is developed using the same immunoreagents and achieving a comparable detectability in terms of LOD of 4.7 μg L⁻¹, measuring seawater without any pretreatment. These results suggest that both techniques can be used as rapid and simple analytical methods for deltamethrin quantification in seawater samples, which are great candidates for initial environmental screening programs.

中文翻译：

---

免疫测定和安培生物传感器方法检测海水中溴氰菊酯

报道了一种用于检测海水中拟除虫菊酯溴氰菊酯的酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）和安培生物传感器的研究。使用基于溴氰菊酯和氯氰菊酯化合物的两种免疫半抗原，在除虫菊酯结构中的氰基残基处放置一个间隔臂，可以解决特异性多克隆抗体的制备问题。根据研究的竞争者半抗原的亲脂性，制备了基于牛血清白蛋白和氨基葡聚糖的不同结合物。开发了一种可再现且灵敏的间接竞争ELISA，检测限达到1.2±0.04μgL ^-1和IC ₅₀值为21.4±0.3μgL ^-1（均为n = 3）。为了验证所描述的测定方法，分析了用溴氰菊酯强化的人工海水样品。对于ELISA分析，这些准确性研究报告的斜率为0.904。使用相同的免疫试剂开发了一种安培型免疫传感器，并在4.7μgL ^-1的LOD方面实现了可比的可检测性，无需任何预处理即可测量海水。这些结果表明，这两种技术都可以用作快速，简便的分析方法，用于海水样品中溴氰菊酯的定量分析，这是进行初始环境筛选计划的理想选择。