How to evaluate the ecological risk of transgenic technology is a focus of scientists because of the safety concerns raised by genetically modified (GM) organisms. Nevertheless, most studies are based on individual chemicals and always analyze the GM organism as a type of toxicant. In this study, we changed the approach and used GM organisms as the test objects with normal chemical exposure. Three types of chemicals (two substituted phenols, 4-chlorophenol and 4-nitrophenol; two ionic liquids, 1-butylpyridinium chloride and 1-butylpyridinium bromide; two pesticides, dichlorvos and glyphosate) were used to construct a six-component mixture system. The lethality to wild-type (N2) and mutant sod-3::GFP (SOD-3) Caenorhabditis elegans was determined when they were exposed to the same mixture system after 12 and 24 h. The results showed that the pEC50 values of all of the single chemicals on SOD-3 were greater than those on N2 at 24 h. The toxicities of the single chemicals and nine mixture rays on the two strains increased with time. Notably, we discovered a significant difference between the two strains; time-dependent synergism occurred in mixtures on N2, but time-dependent antagonism occurred in mixtures on SOD-3. Finally, the strength of the synergism or antagonism turned to additive action on the two strains as the exposure time increased. These findings illustrated that the GM factor of the mutant influenced the mixture toxicological interaction at some exposure times. Compared with N2, mutant C. elegans were more sensitive to stress or toxic reactions. Therefore, the influence of the GM factor on mixture toxicological interactions in environmental risk assessment must be considered.

由于转基因（GM）生物引发的安全问题，如何评估转基因技术的生态风险成为科学家关注的焦点。然而，大多数研究都是基于单个化学品，并且总是将转基因生物作为一种毒物进行分析。在这项研究中，我们改变了方法，使用转基因生物作为正常化学暴露的测试对象。使用三种化学品（两种取代酚，4-氯苯酚和4-硝基苯酚；两种离子液体，1-丁基氯化吡啶鎓和1-丁基溴化吡啶鎓；两种农药，敌敌畏和草甘膦）构建了六组分混合物体系。当野生型 (N2) 和突变体sod-3 ::GFP (SOD-3)秀丽隐杆线虫暴露于相同的混合物系统 12 和 24 小时后，确定其致死率。结果表明，24 h 时所有单一化学物质对 SOD-3 的pEC50值均大于对 N2 的 pEC50 值。单一化学物质和九种混合射线对两种菌株的毒性随着时间的延长而增加。值得注意的是，我们发现这两种菌株之间存在显着差异；混合物对 N2 产生时间依赖性协同作用，但混合物对 SOD-3 产生时间依赖性拮抗作用。最后，随着暴露时间的增加，协同或拮抗的强度转变为对两种菌株的相加作用。这些发现表明，突变体的 GM 因子在某些暴露时间影响混合物的毒理学相互作用。与N2相比，突变线虫对应激或毒性反应更敏感。因此，环境风险评估中必须考虑GM因素对混合物毒理学相互作用的影响。