The selective recognition of nanoparticles (NPs) can be achieved by nanoparticle-imprinted matrices (NAIMs), where NPs are imprinted in a matrix followed by their removal to form voids that can reuptake the original NPs. The recognition depends on supramolecular interactions between the matrix and the shell of the NPs, as well as on the geometrical suitability of the imprinted voids to accommodate the NPs. Here, gold NPs stabilized with citrate (AuNPs-cit) were preadsorbed onto a conductive surface followed by electrografting of p-aryldiazonium salts (ADS) with different functional groups. The thickness of the matrix was carefully controlled by altering the scan number. The AuNPs-cit were removed by electrochemical dissolution. The recognition of the NAIMs was determined by the reuptake of the original AuNPs-cit by the imprinted voids. We found that the recognition efficiency is a function of the thickness of the NAIM layer and is sensitive to the chemical structure of the matrix. Specifically, a subtle change of the functional group of the p-aryldiazonium building block, which was varied from an ether to an ester, significantly affected the recognition of the NPs.

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纳米颗粒（NPs）的选择性识别可以通过纳米颗粒印迹基质（NAIM）来实现，其中将NP印迹在基质中，然后将其去除以形成可以重新吸收原始NP的空隙。识别取决于NP与基质和壳之间的超分子相互作用，以及印迹空隙适应NP的几何适应性。在这里，用柠檬酸盐稳定的金纳米颗粒（AuNPs-cit）被预先吸附到导电表面上，然后电接枝具有不同官能团的对芳基重氮盐（ADS）。通过改变扫描次数来仔细控制基质的厚度。通过电化学溶解除去AuNPs-cit。NAIMs的识别取决于印迹空隙对原始AuNPs-cit的重新摄取。我们发现识别效率是NAIM层厚度的函数，并且对基质的化学结构敏感。具体而言，对-芳基重氮结构单元的官能团的细微变化（从醚到酯变化）显着影响了NP的识别。

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