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The prehistoric peopling of Southeast Asia
Science ( IF 44.7 ) Pub Date : 2018-07-05 , DOI: 10.1126/science.aat3628
Hugh McColl ₁ , Fernando Racimo ₁ , Lasse Vinner ₁ , Fabrice Demeter _{1,

2} , Takashi Gakuhari _{3,

4} , J. Víctor Moreno-Mayar ₁ , George van Driem _{5,

6} , Uffe Gram Wilken ₁ , Andaine Seguin-Orlando _{1,

7} , Constanza de la Fuente Castro ₁ , Sally Wasef ₈ , Rasmi Shoocongdej ₉ , Viengkeo Souksavatdy ₁₀ , Thongsa Sayavongkhamdy ₁₀ , Mohd Mokhtar Saidin ₁₁ , Morten E. Allentoft ₁ , Takehiro Sato ₁₂ , Anna-Sapfo Malaspinas ₁₃ , Farhang A. Aghakhanian ₁₄ , Thorfinn Korneliussen ₁ , Ana Prohaska ₁₅ , Ashot Margaryan _{1,

16} , Peter de Barros Damgaard ₁ , Supannee Kaewsutthi ₁₇ , Patcharee Lertrit ₁₇ , Thi Mai Huong Nguyen ₁₈ , Hsiao-chun Hung ₁₉ , Thi Minh Tran ₁₈ , Huu Nghia Truong ₁₈ , Giang Hai Nguyen ₁₈ , Shaiful Shahidan ₁₁ , Ketut Wiradnyana ₂₀ , Hiromi Matsumae ₄ , Nobuo Shigehara ₂₁ , Minoru Yoneda ₂₂ , Hajime Ishida ₂₃ , Tadayuki Masuyama ₂₄ , Yasuhiro Yamada ₂₅ , Atsushi Tajima ₁₂ , Hiroki Shibata ₂₆ , Atsushi Toyoda ₂₇ , Tsunehiko Hanihara ₄ , Shigeki Nakagome ₂₈ , Thibaut Deviese ₂₉ , Anne-Marie Bacon ₃₀ , Philippe Duringer _{31,

32} , Jean-Luc Ponche ₃₃ , Laura Shackelford ₃₄ , Elise Patole-Edoumba ₃₅ , Anh Tuan Nguyen ₁₈ , Bérénice Bellina-Pryce ₃₆ , Jean-Christophe Galipaud ₃₇ , Rebecca Kinaston _{38,

39} , Hallie Buckley ₃₈ , Christophe Pottier ₄₀ , Simon Rasmussen ₄₁ , Tom Higham ₂₉ , Robert A. Foley ₄₂ , Marta Mirazón Lahr ₄₂ , Ludovic Orlando _{1,

7} , Martin Sikora ₁ , Maude E. Phipps ₁₄ , Hiroki Oota ₄ , Charles Higham _{43,

44} , David M. Lambert ₈ , Eske Willerslev _{1,

15,

45}

Affiliation

Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark.
National Museum of Natural History, Ecoanthropology and Ethnobiology, Musée de l’Homme, Paris, France.
Center for Cultural Resource Studies, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan.
Institut für Sprachwissenschaft, Universität Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia.
Laboratoire AMIS, Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France.
Australian Research Centre for Human Evolution, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, Australia.
Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Archaeology, Silpakorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Department of Heritage, Ministry of Information, Culture and Tourism, Vientiane, Lao People’s Democratic Republic.
Centre for Global Archaeological Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia.
Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, Graduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne and SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Sunway City, Selangor, Malaysia.
Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Institute of Molecular Biology, National Academy of Sciences, Yerevan, Armenia.
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Anthropological and Paleoenvironmental Department, Institute of Archaeology, Hanoi, Vietnam.
Department of Archaeology and Natural History, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
Balai Archeology, Medan, Indonesia.
Nara National Research Institute for Cultural Properties, Nara, Japan.
University Museum, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa, Japan.
Educational Committee of Tahara City, Tahara, Japan.
National Museum of Japanese History, Sakura, Chiba, Japan.
Division of Genomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
Center for Information Biology, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Japan.
School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Oxford Radiocarbon Accelerator Unit (ORAU), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Laboratoire AMIS, Université Paris Descartes, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Montrouge, France.
École et Observatoire des Sciences de la Terre, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
Institut de Physique du Globe de Strasbourg (IPGS) (CNRS/UDS UMR 7516), Strasbourg, France.
Laboratory “Image Ville et Environnement LIVE,” UMR7362, CNRS and Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
Department of Anthropology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA.
Natural History Museum of La Rochelle, La Rochelle, France.
CNRS, UMR7055 “Préhistoire et Technologie,” Maison Archéologie et Ethnologie, Nanterre, France.
Research Institute for Development, National Museum of Natural History, UMR Paloc, Paris, France.
Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Jena, Germany.
École Française d’Extrême-Orient, Paris, France.
Department of Bio and Health Informatics, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
Leverhulme Centre for Human Evolutionary Studies, Department of Archaeology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Department of Anthropology and Archaeology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
St. Catharine’s College, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK.

Ancient migrations in Southeast Asia The past movements and peopling of Southeast Asia have been poorly represented in ancient DNA studies (see the Perspective by Bellwood). Lipson et al. generated sequences from people inhabiting Southeast Asia from about 1700 to 4100 years ago. Screening of more than a hundred individuals from five sites yielded ancient DNA from 18 individuals. Comparisons with present-day populations suggest two waves of mixing between resident populations. The first mix was between local hunter-gatherers and incoming farmers associated with the Neolithic spreading from South China. A second event resulted in an additional pulse of genetic material from China to Southeast Asia associated with a Bronze Age migration. McColl et al. sequenced 26 ancient genomes from Southeast Asia and Japan spanning from the late Neolithic to the Iron Age. They found that present-day populations are the result of mixing among four ancient populations, including multiple waves of genetic material from more northern East Asian populations. Science, this issue p. 92, p. 88; see also p. 31 Ancient genomes reveal four layers of human migration into Southeast Asia. The human occupation history of Southeast Asia (SEA) remains heavily debated. Current evidence suggests that SEA was occupied by Hòabìnhian hunter-gatherers until ~4000 years ago, when farming economies developed and expanded, restricting foraging groups to remote habitats. Some argue that agricultural development was indigenous; others favor the “two-layer” hypothesis that posits a southward expansion of farmers giving rise to present-day Southeast Asian genetic diversity. By sequencing 26 ancient human genomes (25 from SEA, 1 Japanese Jōmon), we show that neither interpretation fits the complexity of Southeast Asian history: Both Hòabìnhian hunter-gatherers and East Asian farmers contributed to current Southeast Asian diversity, with further migrations affecting island SEA and Vietnam. Our results help resolve one of the long-standing controversies in Southeast Asian prehistory.

更新日期：2018-07-05

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