Multipactor over a dielectric in vacuum inclines to engender interfacial gas desorption or evaporation, precipitating surface flashover and insulator failure. However, no consensus has been achieved regarding the exact mechanism during final breakdown stage, an expatiation of which therefore serves as our major motivation for this letter. By implementing the particle-in-cell simulation code, we investigate the microscopic evolution of the discharge development process and confirm the major component escalating the explosive space charge accumulation. The obtained current waveform validates the balance of charged particles between electrodes, corroborated by experimental results. A theoretical discharge model is then constructed to elucidate the physical reasoning of the previous phenomenon. Two distinct discharge modes are defined correspondingly, and the transition therein is found to be induced by rapid plasma density build-up.Multipactor over a dielectric in vacuum inclines to engender interfacial gas desorption or evaporation, precipitating surface flashover and insulator failure. However, no consensus has been achieved regarding the exact mechanism during final breakdown stage, an expatiation of which therefore serves as our major motivation for this letter. By implementing the particle-in-cell simulation code, we investigate the microscopic evolution of the discharge development process and confirm the major component escalating the explosive space charge accumulation. The obtained current waveform validates the balance of charged particles between electrodes, corroborated by experimental results. A theoretical discharge model is then constructed to elucidate the physical reasoning of the previous phenomenon. Two distinct discharge modes are defined correspondingly, and the transition therein is found to be induced by rapid plasma density build-up.

中文翻译：

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多因素诱导表面等离子体放电和时间模式转变的研究

真空中电介质上的多路复用器倾向于引起界面气体解吸或蒸发，从而导致表面闪络和绝缘体失效。然而，关于最终崩溃阶段的确切机制尚未达成共识，因此对其进行阐述是我们写这封信的主要动机。通过实施粒子内电池模拟代码，我们研究了放电发展过程的微观演变，并确定了使爆炸空间电荷积累升级的主要成分。获得的电流波形验证了电极之间带电粒子的平衡，实验结果证实了这一点。然后构建理论放电模型以阐明先前现象的物理推理。相应地定义了两种不同的放电模式，并且发现其中的转变是由等离子体密度的快速积累引起的。真空中电介质上的多通道倾向于产生界面气体解吸或蒸发、沉淀表面闪络和绝缘体失效。然而，关于最终崩溃阶段的确切机制尚未达成共识，因此对其进行阐述是我们写这封信的主要动机。通过实施粒子内电池模拟代码，我们研究了放电发展过程的微观演变，并确定了使爆炸空间电荷积累升级的主要成分。获得的电流波形验证了电极之间带电粒子的平衡，实验结果证实了这一点。然后构建理论放电模型以阐明先前现象的物理推理。相应地定义了两种不同的放电模式，并且发现其中的转变是由等离子体密度的快速积累引起的。