当前位置: X-MOL 学术Chem. Soc. Rev. › 论文详情
Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)
Structure and reactivity/selectivity control by oriented-external electric fields†
Chemical Society Reviews ( IF 40.4 ) Pub Date : 2018-07-06 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00354h
Sason Shaik 1, 2, 3, 4 , Rajeev Ramanan 1, 2, 3, 4 , David Danovich 1, 2, 3, 4 , Debasish Mandal 5, 6, 7, 8
Affiliation  

This is a tutorial on use of external-electric-fields (EEFs) as effectors of chemical change. The tutorial instructs readers how to conceptualize and design electric-field effects on bonds, structures, and reactions. Most effects can be comprehended as the field-induced stabilization of ionic structures. Thus, orienting the field along the “bond axis” will facilitate bond breaking. Similarly, orienting the field along the “reaction axis”, the direction in which “electron pairs transform” from reactants- to products-like, will catalyse the reaction. Flipping the field's orientation along the reaction-axis will cause inhibition. Orienting the field off-reaction-axis will control stereo-selectivity and remove forbidden-orbital mixing. Two-directional fields may control both reactivity and selectivity. Increasing the field strength for concerted reactions (e.g., Diels–Alder's) will cause mechanistic-switchover to stepwise mechanisms with ionic intermediates. Examples of bond breaking and control of reactivity/selectivity and mechanisms are presented and analysed from the “ionic perspective”. The tutorial projects the unity of EEF effects, “giving insight and numbers”.

中文翻译:

通过定向外部电场控制结构和反应性/选择性

这是关于使用外部电场(EEF)作为化学变化的效应器的教程。本教程指导读者如何概念化和设计电场对键,结构和反应的影响。多数影响可以理解为离子结构的场致稳定作用。因此,沿“键合轴”定向磁场将有助于键合断裂。类似地,将场沿“反应轴”定向,即“电子对从反应物转变为类似产物的方向”将催化反应。沿反应轴翻转场的方向将引起抑制。使场偏离反应轴定向将控制立体选择性并消除禁止的轨道混合。双向场可以控制反应性和选择性。例如Diels–Alder's)将导致机械转换为离子中间体的逐步机理。从“离子角度”介绍并分析了键断裂和控制反应性/选择性以及机理的例子。该教程预测了EEF效果的统一性,即“赋予洞察力和数量”。
更新日期:2018-07-06
down
wechat
bug