The indiscriminate use of antibiotics is causing an increase in bacterial resistance, complicating therapeutic planning. In this context, natural products have emerged as major providers of bioactive compounds. This work performs a bioguided study of Brazilian red propolis to identify compounds with antibacterial potential and to evaluate their cytotoxicity against non-tumour cells. Using bioguided fractionation performed with the hydroalcoholic extract of red propolis from Alagoas, it was possible to obtain subfractions with remarkable bacteriostatic activity compared with the precursor fractions. The SC2 subfraction was highlighted and showed the best results with minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 56.75, 28.37, 454.00, and 227.00 μg mL⁻¹ against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, respectively. However, this study also revealed a cytotoxic effect against the non-tumour Vero cell line. Furthermore, through chemical analyses using high resolution mass spectrometry, high performance liquid chromatography with UV detection, and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry, we verified the presence of important marker compounds in the fractions and extracts, including formononetin (m/z 267.0663), biochanin A (m/z 283.0601), and liquiritigenin (m/z 255.0655). The results obtained in this study suggest an important antibacterial potential of red propolis subfractions. In this context, the bioguided fractionation has been a useful process, due to its ability to isolate and concentrate active compounds in a logical and rational way.

滥用抗生素会导致细菌耐药性增加，从而使治疗计划复杂化。在这种情况下，天然产物已成为生物活性化合物的主要提供者。这项工作对巴西红蜂胶进行了生物指导研究，以鉴定具有抗菌潜力的化合物，并评估其对非肿瘤细胞的细胞毒性。使用对来自阿拉戈斯州的红色蜂胶的水醇提取物进行生物引导的分馏，与前驱物馏分相比，可以获得具有显着抑菌活性的亚馏分。突出显示了SC2组分并显示了最佳结果，对金黄色葡萄球菌的最小抑菌浓度（MIC）为56.75、28.37、454.00和227.00μgmL ^-1，枯草芽孢杆菌，大肠杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌。但是，这项研究还揭示了针对非肿瘤Vero细胞系的细胞毒性作用。此外，通过使用高分辨率质谱的化学分析，具有UV检测的高效液相色谱以及与质谱联用的气相色谱，我们验证了馏分和提取物中是否存在重要的标记化合物，包括福莫那汀（m / z 267.0663），biochanin A（m / z 283.0601）和liquiritigenin（m / z255.0655）。在这项研究中获得的结果表明，红色蜂胶亚组分具有重要的抗菌潜力。在这种情况下，生物引导分级分离是一个有用的过程，因为它具有以逻辑和合理的方式分离和浓缩活性化合物的能力。