Two-dimensional (2D) metal–organic framework (MOF) nanosheets are attracting increasing research attention due to their unique properties originating from their ultrathin thickness, large surface area and high surface-to-volume atom ratios. Many great advances have been made in the synthesis and application of 2D MOF nanosheets over the past few years. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in the synthesis of 2D MOF nanosheets by using top-down methods, e.g. sonication exfoliation, mechanical exfoliation, Li-intercalation exfoliation and chemical exfoliation, and bottom-up methods, i.e. interfacial synthesis, three-layer synthesis, surfactant-assisted synthesis, modulated synthesis, and sonication synthesis. In addition, the recent progress in 2D MOF nanosheet-based nanocomposites is also briefly introduced. The potential applications of 2D MOF nanosheets in gas separation, energy conversion and storage, catalysis, sensors and biomedicine are discussed. Finally, we give our personal insights into the challenges and opportunities for the future research of 2D MOF nanosheets and their composites.

中文翻译：

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二维金属-有机骨架纳米片：合成与应用

二维（2D）金属-有机骨架（MOF）纳米片由于其超薄厚度，大表面积和高表面积与体积之比而具有独特的性能，因此吸引了越来越多的研究关注。在过去的几年中，二维MOF纳米片的合成和应用取得了许多重大进展。在这篇综述中，我们总结了使用自上而下的方法合成二维MOF纳米片的最新进展，例如超声处理剥落，机械剥落，Li嵌入剥落和化学剥落以及自下而上的方法，即界面合成，三层合成，表面活性剂辅助合成，调制合成和超声合成。此外，还简要介绍了基于2D MOF纳米片的纳米复合材料的最新进展。讨论了二维MOF纳米片在气体分离，能量转换和存储，催化，传感器和生物医学中的潜在应用。最后，我们对2D MOF纳米片及其复合材料的未来研究提出了挑战和机遇，并提出了自己的见解。