Ion sensing with thread-based potentiometric electrodes†,Lab on a Chip

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Ion sensing with thread-based potentiometric electrodes†
Lab on a Chip ( IF 6.1 ) Pub Date : 2018-07-03 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1039/c8lc00352a
Maral P. S. Mousavi _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Alar Ainla _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Edward K. W. Tan _{1,

2,

3,

4,

5} , Mohamed K. Abd El-Rahman _{1,

2,

3,

4,

6} , Yumi Yoshida _{7,

8,

9,

10} , Li Yuan _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Haakon H. Sigurslid _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Nooralhuda Arkan _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Mighten C. Yip _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Christoffer K. Abrahamsson _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Shervanthi Homer-Vanniasinkam _{11,

12,

13,

14,

15} , George M. Whitesides _{1,

2,

3,

4,

16}

Affiliation

Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
Harvard University
Cambridge
USA
Department of Engineering
Department of Analytical Chemistry
Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering
Kyoto Institute of Technology
Kyoto
Japan
Leeds Vascular Institute
Leeds General Infirmary
Leeds
UK
Department of Mechanical Engineering and Division of Surgery
Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering

Potentiometric sensing of ions with ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) is a powerful technique for selective and sensitive measurement of ions in complex matrices. The application of ISEs is generally limited to laboratory settings, because most commercially available ISEs and reference electrodes are large, delicate, and expensive, and are not suitable for point-of-use or point-of-care measurements. This work utilizes cotton thread as a substrate for fabrication of robust and miniaturized ISEs that are suitable for point-of-care or point-of-use applications. Thread-based ISEs selective for Cl⁻, K⁺, Na⁺, and Ca²⁺ were developed. The cation-selective ISEs were fabricated by coating the thread with a surfactant-free conductive ink (made of carbon black) and then coating the tip of the conductive thread with the ion-selective membrane. The Cl⁻ ISE was fabricated by coating the thread with an Ag/AgCl ink. These sensors exhibited slopes (of electrical potential vs. log concentration of target ion), close to the theoretically-expected values, over four orders of magnitude in concentrations of ions. Because thread is mechanically strong, the thread-based electrodes can be used in multiple-use applications as well as single-use applications. Multiple thread-based sensors can be easily bundled together to fabricate a customized sensor for multiplexed ion-sensing. These electrodes require volumes of sample as low as 200 μL. The application of thread-based ISEs is demonstrated in the analysis of ions in soil, food, and dietary supplements (Cl⁻ in soil/water slurry, K⁺ and Na⁺ in coconut water, and Ca²⁺ in a calcium supplement), and in detection of physiological electrolytes (K⁺ and Na⁺ in blood serum and urine, with sufficient accuracy for clinical diagnostics).

中文翻译：

使用基于螺纹的电位电极进行离子感测†

用离子选择电极（ISE）对离子进行电位测量是一种用于对复杂基质中的离子进行选择性和灵敏测量的强大技术。ISE的应用通常仅限于实验室设置，因为大多数市售的ISE和参比电极大，精巧且昂贵，并且不适合使用点或护理点测量。这项工作利用棉线作为基材，制造出坚固耐用的小型ISE，适用于即时护理或使用现场的应用。基于线程的离子选择性电极选择性的氯^-，K ⁺，钠⁺和Ca ²⁺被开发。阳离子选择性ISE的制造方法是，先用无表面活性剂的导电油墨（由炭黑制成）涂覆螺纹，然后用离子选择膜涂覆导电螺纹的尖端。通过用Ag / AgCl墨水涂覆螺纹来制造Cl ^- ISE。这些传感器表现出（电势与电势的斜率）。目标离子的对数浓度）接近理论上的预期值，且离子浓度超过四个数量级。由于螺纹机械强度高，因此基于螺纹的电极可用于多种用途以及一次性用途。多个基于线程的传感器可以轻松捆绑在一起，以制造用于多重离子感测的定制传感器。这些电极需要低至200μL的样品量。基于线程离子选择性电极中的应用也反映在土壤，食物，和膳食补充剂离子的分析（CL ^-在土壤/水浆，K ⁺和Na ⁺在椰子水，和Ca ²⁺在补充钙），以及检测生理电解质（K ⁺以及血清和尿液中的Na ⁺含量，足以用于临床诊断）。

更新日期：2018-07-03

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