5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is a platform chemical derived from C6 sugars, which can be transformed into various important chemicals and fuels because of the presence of CO, C–O and furan ring functional groups. In this review, the selective tailoring of these groups in HMF to form 2,5-dimethylfuran, 2,5-dihydromethylfuran, 2,5-dihydromethyltetrahydrofuran, 5-ethoxymethylfurfural, 1,6-hexanediol, long-chain alkanes, 3-(hydroxy-methyl)cyclopentanone, p-xylene, 2,5-diformylfuran, 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid and maleic anhydride will be described to gain more insight into the transformation of HMF under various conditions. The focus of this review is on the mechanisms of the catalytic processes and potential design strategies for future catalysts. The activation of the functional groups and the key challenges involved in the precise design of bifunctional catalysts are highlighted. Some examples of “one-pot” transformations of fructose into various chemicals using the HMF platform are also presented.

中文翻译：

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5-羟甲基糠醛催化转化为某些增值衍生物

5-羟甲基糠醛（HMF）是一种衍生自C6糖的平台化学品，由于存在C O，C–O和呋喃环官能团，可以转化为各种重要的化学品和燃料。在这篇综述中，在HMF中选择性修饰这些基团以形成2,5-二甲基呋喃，2,5-二氢甲基呋喃，2,5-二氢甲基四氢呋喃，5-乙氧基甲基糠醛，1,6-己二醇，长链烷烃，3-（羟基甲基）环戊酮，p将描述二甲苯，2,5-二甲酰基呋喃，2,5-呋喃二甲酸和马来酸酐，以更深入地了解各种条件下的HMF转化。这篇综述的重点是催化过程的机理和未来催化剂的潜在设计策略。重点介绍了官能团的活化以及双功能催化剂精确设计中涉及的关键挑战。还介绍了使用HMF平台将果糖“一锅法”转化为各种化学品的一些示例。