Planar vacuum deposited p–i–n methyl ammonium lead tri-iodide perovskite solar cells are prepared with different electron and hole transporting layers, either doped or undoped. The effect of these layers on the solar cells performance (efficiency and stability) is studied. The main benefit of using doped layers lies in the formation of barrier free charge extraction contacts to the electrodes. However, this comes at the cost of increased residual absorption (reducing the current density and efficiency of the cells) and a decreased stability. A generic solar cell structure using undoped charge extraction layers is presented, containing a thin layer of a strong electron acceptor in between the transparent electrode and the hole transport layer, that leads to efficiencies of 18% and a significant (>5 times) improvement of the stability.

中文翻译：

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掺杂的电荷传输层对高效钙钛矿太阳能电池的影响†

平面真空沉积p–i–n甲基铵三碘化铅钙钛矿型太阳能电池具有不同的电子和空穴传输层，可以是掺杂的也可以是未掺杂的。研究了这些层对太阳能电池性能（效率和稳定性）的影响。使用掺杂层的主要好处在于与电极形成无势垒电荷提取触点。然而，这是以增加的残余吸收（降低电池的电流密度和效率）和降低的稳定性为代价的。提出了一种使用未掺杂电荷提取层的通用太阳能电池结构，该结构在透明电极和空穴传输层之间包含一层薄薄的强电子受体，从而使效率提高了18％，显着提高了（> 5倍）稳定性。