Borago officinalis seed oil (BSO), a natural source of omega-6 fatty acids, attenuates fat accumulation by activating peroxisomal beta-oxidation both in C. elegans and in diet-induced obese rats,Food & Function

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Borago officinalis seed oil (BSO), a natural source of omega-6 fatty acids, attenuates fat accumulation by activating peroxisomal beta-oxidation both in C. elegans and in diet-induced obese rats
Food & Function ( IF 5.1 ) Pub Date : 2018-07-02 , DOI: 10.1039/c8fo00423d
David Navarro-Herrera _{1,

2,

3,

4,

5} , Paula Aranaz _{1,

4,

5,

6} , Laura Eder-Azanza _{1,

2,

3,

4,

5} , María Zabala _{1,

4,

5,

6} , Ana Romo-Hualde _{1,

4,

5,

6} , Cristina Hurtado _{1,

2,

3,

4,

5} , Diego Calavia _{1,

2,

3,

4,

5} , Miguel López-Yoldi _{1,

4,

5,

6} , J. Alfredo Martínez _{1,

4,

5,

6,

7} , Carlos J. González-Navarro _{1,

4,

5,

6} , José L. Vizmanos _{1,

2,

3,

4,

5}

Affiliation

Obesity is a medical condition with increasing prevalence, characterized by an accumulation of excess fat that could be improved using some bioactive compounds. However, many of these compounds with in vitro activity fail to respond in vivo, probably due to the sophistication of the physiological energy regulatory networks. In this context, C. elegans has emerged as a plausible model for the identification and characterization of the effect of such compounds on fat storage in a complete organism. However, the results obtained in such a simple model are not easily extrapolated to more complex organisms such as mammals, which hinders its application in the short term. Therefore, it is necessary to obtain new experimental data about the evolutionary conservation of the mechanisms of fat loss between worms and mammals. Previously, we found that some omega-6 fatty acids promote fat loss in C. elegans by up-regulation of peroxisomal fatty acid β-oxidation in an omega-3 independent manner. In this work, we prove that the omega-6 fatty acids’ effects on worms are also seen when they are supplemented with a natural omega-6 source (borage seed oil, BSO). Additionally, we explore the anti-obesity effects of two doses of BSO in a diet-induced obesity rat model, validating the up-regulation of peroxisomal fatty acid β-oxidation. The supplementation with BSO significantly reduces body weight gain and energy efficiency and prevents white adipose tissue accumulation without affecting food intake. Moreover, BSO also increases serum HDL-cholesterol levels, improves insulin resistance and promotes the down-regulation of Cebpa, an adipogenesis-related gene. Therefore, we conclude that the effects of omega-6 fatty acids are highly conserved between worms and obesity-induced mammals, so these compounds could be considered to treat or prevent obesity-related disorders.

中文翻译：

Borago officinalis种子油（Omega-6脂肪酸的天然来源）通过激活秀丽隐杆线虫和饮食诱发的肥胖大鼠中的过氧化物酶体β-氧化作用来减少脂肪积累

肥胖症是一种患病率不断提高的医学疾病，其特征是多余的脂肪蓄积可以通过使用某些生物活性化合物来改善。但是，许多具有体外活性的化合物可能无法在体内产生反应，这可能是由于生理能量调节网络的复杂性所致。在这种情况下，C。线虫已经出现了作为一种可能的模型，用于鉴定和表征此类化合物对完整生物体内脂肪存储的作用。然而，在这样一个简单的模型中获得的结果不容易推断到更复杂的生物体，例如哺乳动物，这阻碍了其在短期内的应用。因此，有必要获得有关蠕虫与哺乳动物之间脂肪减少机制的进化保守性的新实验数据。以前，我们发现某些omega-6脂肪酸会促进秀丽隐杆线虫的脂肪减少通过以omega-3独立的方式上调过氧化物酶体脂肪酸β-氧化。在这项工作中，我们证明了当添加天然omega-6来源（琉璃苣种子油，BSO）时，也可以看到omega-6脂肪酸对蠕虫的作用。此外，我们在饮食诱发的肥胖大鼠模型中探索了两剂BSO的抗肥胖作用，验证了过氧化物酶体脂肪酸β-氧化的上调。补充BSO可显着降低体重增加和能量效率，并防止白色脂肪组织积聚而不影响食物摄入。此外，BSO还可以提高血清HDL-胆固醇水平，改善胰岛素抵抗并促进Cebpa的下调，是一个与脂肪形成相关的基因。因此，我们得出的结论是，蠕虫与肥胖诱导的哺乳动物之间omega-6脂肪酸的作用高度保守，因此可以考虑将这些化合物用于治疗或预防与肥胖相关的疾病。

更新日期：2018-08-15

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