Abstract Superhydrophobic surface (SHS) has attracted tremendous scientific interests in anti/de-icing due to its extremely low water affinity. However, poor durability and scalability have greatly hindered its applications; besides, study of the ice adhesion on SHS is not sufficient. Here, robust SHS with various surface structures and chemical components were obtained via a facile process: a suspension containing ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) and multi-scale silica nanoparticles (SNs) was poured on steel substrate and followed with desiccation. The surface could withstand severe abrasion without losing superhydrophobicity, and showed possibility to be scaled up. The ice adhesion tests showed that: 1) the surface structures played more important role in reducing ice adhesion than the surface chemical components; 2) the ice adhesion tended to be minimized on the SHS with multi-scale nanoparticles. The low ice adhesion could be ascribed to the following two aspects: the air pockets that greatly reduced the contact between ice and the resultant surface, and the lubrication of overcooled water in the surface asperities.

中文翻译：

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坚固且可扩展的超疏水表面的制造及其防冰性能的研究

摘要 超疏水表面（SHS）由于其极低的水亲和力，在防/除冰方面引起了巨大的科学兴趣。但是，持久性和可扩展性较差，极大地阻碍了其应用；此外，对 SHS 上冰粘附的研究是不够的。在这里，通过简单的过程获得了具有各种表面结构和化学成分的坚固 SHS：将含有超高分子量聚乙烯 (UHMWPE) 和多尺度二氧化硅纳米粒子 (SN) 的悬浮液倒在钢基材上，然后进行干燥。该表面可以承受严重的磨损而不会失去超疏水性，并显示出放大的可能性。冰附着试验表明：1）表面结构对减少冰附着的作用比表面化学成分更重要；2）在具有多尺度纳米粒子的 SHS 上，冰粘附趋于最小化。冰附着力低可归因于以下两个方面：大大减少冰与合成表面接触的气泡，以及表面粗糙处过冷水的润滑。