Abstract Carbon nanomaterials (CNMs), particularly carbon nanotube and graphene-based materials, are rapidly emerging as one of the most effective adsorbents for wastewater treatment. CNMs hold great potential as new generation adsorbents due to their high surface to volume ratio, as well as extraordinary chemical, mechanical and thermal stabilities. However, implementation of pristine CNMs in real world applications are still hindered due to their poor solubility in most solvents. Hence, surface modification of CNMs is essential for wastewater treatment application in order to improve its solubility, chemical stability, fouling resistance and efficiency. Numerous studies have reported the applications of functionalized CNMs as very promising adsorbents for treating organic and inorganic wastewater pollutants. In this paper, the removal of organic dye and phenol contaminants from wastewater using various type of functionalized CNMs are highlighted and summarized. Challenges and future opportunities for application of these CNMs as adsorbents in sustainable wastewater treatment are also addressed in this paper.

中文翻译：

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用于有机污染物去除的功能化碳纳米材料概述

摘要 碳纳米材料（CNMs），特别是碳纳米管和石墨烯基材料，正迅速成为废水处理最有效的吸附剂之一。CNMs 由于其高表面积与体积比以及非凡的化学、机械和热稳定性而具有作为新一代吸附剂的巨大潜力。然而，由于其在大多数溶剂中的溶解性差，原始 CNM 在实际应用中的实施仍然受到阻碍。因此，CNMs 的表面改性对于废水处理应用至关重要，以提高其溶解性、化学稳定性、抗污染性和效率。许多研究报告了功能化 CNM 作为非常有前途的吸附剂用于处理有机和无机废水污染物的应用。在本文中，强调并总结了使用各种类型的官能化 CNM 从废水中去除有机染料和酚类污染物。本文还讨论了将这些 CNM 作为吸附剂应用于可持续废水处理的挑战和未来机遇。