To obtain a substitute for petroleum-based polyols and simultaneously solve the flammability problem of polyisocyanurate (PIR) foams, a novel phosphorus-containing soy-based polyol (PCSO) was firstly synthesized. Then, PCSO was used to fabricate biomass flame-retardant PIR foam (P-PIR) by fully replacing petroleum-based polyol. The morphology, compressive strength, thermal conductivity, thermal stability, flammability, and flame-retardant mechanism were studied for the developed PIR. The incorporation of PCSO results in a slight decrease in the compressive strength and an increase in the flame retardancy of PIR foam. To further improve the flame retardancy, a commercial phosphorus-containing polyol (BY30) and an expandable graphite (EG) were added in the P-PIR system. The test results show that the decompositon of PIR was hindered after 330 °C and the char residue was significantly improved. In addtion, the limiting oxygen index of PIR was significantly increased to 35%, and the peak of heat release rate and total heat release were dramatically decreased by 65% and 87%, respectively. A synergistic flame-retardant effect was achieved by combining the gas phase action of PCSO and BY30 with the condensed phase action of EG.

为了获得石油基多元醇的替代品并同时解决聚异氰脲酸酯（PIR）泡沫的易燃性问题，首先合成了一种新型的含磷大豆基多元醇（PCSO）。然后，使用PCSO通过完全替代石油基多元醇来制造生物质阻燃PIR泡沫（P-PIR）。研究了所开发的PIR的形貌，抗压强度，导热性，热稳定性，可燃性和阻燃机理。掺入PCSO会导致抗压强度略有下降，而PIR泡沫的阻燃性会增加。为了进一步提高阻燃性，在P-PIR系统中添加了市售的含磷多元醇（BY30）和可膨胀石墨（EG）。测试结果表明，330℃后，PIR的分解受到阻碍，炭渣得到明显改善。此外，PIR的极限氧指数显着提高到35％，放热速率和总放热峰值分别显着降低了65％和87％。通过将PCSO和BY30的气相作用与EG的凝结相结合，可获得协同的阻燃效果。