AbstractAn immunosensor is described for the voltammetric determination of α-fetoprotein. It is making use of an AuNP-dendrimer conjugate and an ionic liquid. A gold electrode was first modified with chitosan. Then, the AuNP-dendrimer conjugate was covalently immobilized on the electrode. Following this, an ionic liquid was placed on the electrode via formation of a covalent bond between the amino groups of PAMAM and the aldehyde groups of an ionic liquid containing ferrocene. Thus, the redox probe ferrocene becomes immobilized on the electrode surface. PAMAM increases the amount of ferrocene immobilized on the electrode due to its globular shape and rich amino groups. The use of AuNPs improves the conductivity of the electrode. The modified electrode was applied to the determination of α-fetoprotein in human serum and has a linear response that covers the 0.05 to 30 ng mL−1 α-fetoprotein concentration range, with a detection limit of 0.02 ng mL−1. This assay is stable, selective and reproducible. It is perceived to provide a powerful tool for the early detection of cancer markers. Graphical abstractSchematic of a voltammetric immunoassay for α-fetoprotein based on a gold nanoparticle/dendrimer conjugate and ionic liquids anchored with both aldehyde and ferrocene. Chit: chitosan; GA: glutaraldehyde; PAMAM: G4 polyamidoaminic dendrimers; AuNP: Au nanoparticle; Fc: ferrocene; IL: ionic liquid. PB: phosphate buffer solution.

中文翻译：

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使用金纳米颗粒/树枝状大分子偶联物和二茂铁衍生的离子液体对甲胎蛋白进行伏安法免疫测定

摘要描述了一种用于伏安法测定甲胎蛋白的免疫传感器。它利用了 AuNP-树枝状聚合物结合物和离子液体。首先用壳聚糖修饰金电极。然后，AuNP-树枝状大分子缀合物共价固定在电极上。此后，通过在 PAMAM 的氨基和含有二茂铁的离子液体的醛基之间形成共价键，将离子液体置于电极上。因此，氧化还原探针二茂铁被固定在电极表面上。由于 PAMAM 的球形形状和丰富的氨基，PAMAM 增加了固定在电极上的二茂铁的数量。AuNPs 的使用提高了电极的导电性。改进后的电极用于测定人血清中的甲胎蛋白，其线性响应涵盖了 0.05 至 30 ng mL-1 的甲胎蛋白浓度范围，检测限为 0.02 ng mL-1。该测定是稳定的、选择性的和可重复的。它被认为为癌症标志物的早期检测提供了强大的工具。基于金纳米颗粒/树枝状大分子偶联物和固定有醛和二茂铁的离子液体的甲胎蛋白伏安免疫测定示意图。Chit：壳聚糖；GA：戊二醛；PAMAM：G4 聚酰胺胺树枝状聚合物；AuNP：Au纳米颗粒；Fc：二茂铁；IL：离子液体。PB：磷酸盐缓冲溶液。它被认为为癌症标志物的早期检测提供了强大的工具。基于金纳米颗粒/树枝状大分子偶联物和固定有醛和二茂铁的离子液体的甲胎蛋白伏安免疫测定示意图。Chit：壳聚糖；GA：戊二醛；PAMAM：G4 聚酰胺胺树枝状聚合物；AuNP：Au纳米颗粒；Fc：二茂铁；IL：离子液体。PB：磷酸盐缓冲溶液。它被认为为癌症标志物的早期检测提供了强大的工具。基于金纳米颗粒/树枝状大分子偶联物和固定有醛和二茂铁的离子液体的甲胎蛋白伏安免疫测定示意图。Chit：壳聚糖；GA：戊二醛；PAMAM：G4 聚酰胺胺树枝状聚合物；AuNP：Au纳米颗粒；Fc：二茂铁；IL：离子液体。PB：磷酸盐缓冲溶液。