TiO₂ has been extensively utilized as bottom electron transporting scaffold for perovskite solar cells (PSCs) but need for its high processing temperature (>450 °C) hinders its applicability for the flexible plastic substrates. Use of the low temperature processed ZnO is one of the probable solutions as electron transport layer (ETL) in PSCs owing to its high electron mobility. An amicable solution for the instability of the perovskite absorber layers fabricated on to ZnO leading resulting in to poor power conversion efficiency (PCE) and long-term stability is necessary for to harness the benefit of ZnO as ETL in PSCs. Herein, we modified the ZnO surface by spin-coating an ultrathin Nb₂O₅ as surface passivation layer. In this work, both of the ZnO and Nb₂O₅ were fabricated by spin coating and sintered at relatively lower temperature of 200 °C. Utilizing this Nb₂O₅ surface passivated and low temperature processed ZnO as ETL, dramatically enhanced stability of perovskite film over 20 days under ambient condition has been clearly demonstrated. This bilayer of Nb₂O₅ surface passivated ZnO scaffold used for fabrication of the planer heterojunction PSCs based on CH₃NH₃PbI₃, led to the maximum PCE of 14.57% under simulated solar irradiation for an optimized ZnO thickness of 42 nm. Moreover, implication of the surface passivation of ZnO by Nb₂O₅ leading to the formation of highly crystalline, stable and dense perovskite film has been probed by SEM and XRD investigations.

TiO ₂已被广泛用作钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSC）的底部电子传输支架，但对它的高加工温度（> 450°C）的需求阻碍了其在柔性塑料基板上的适用性。低温处理的ZnO由于其较高的电子迁移率，是在PSC中用作电子传输层（ETL）的可能解决方案之一。为了利用ZnO作为PSC中的ETL的好处，需要一种友好的解决方案，以解决在ZnO上制造的钙钛矿吸收层的不稳定性，从而导致不良的功率转换效率（PCE）和长期稳定性。本文中，我们通过旋涂超薄Nb ₂ O ₅作为表面钝化层来修饰ZnO表面。在这项工作中，ZnO和Nb通过旋涂法制备₂ O ₅，并在相对较低的200°C温度下进行烧结。使用这种Nb ₂ O ₅表面钝化和低温处理的ZnO作为ETL，已经清楚地证明了在环境条件下20天内钙钛矿薄膜的稳定性大大提高。这种用于制造基于CH ₃ NH ₃ PbI ₃的平面异质结PSC的Nb ₂ O ₅表面钝化ZnO支架的双层结构，在模拟太阳辐射下，对于42 nm的最佳ZnO厚度，其最大PCE为14.57％。此外，Nb ₂ O对ZnO表面钝化的影响SEM和XRD研究发现了₅导致形成高度结晶，稳定和致密的钙钛矿薄膜的方法。