Caenorhabditis elegans is a model organism for the study of different molecular, biochemical, microbial and immunity-related mechanisms. In its natural habitat, C. elegans survives by feeding microorganisms (mainly bacteria), though majorly on Escherichia coli OP50 when grown in the laboratory. Numerous bacteria are shown to influence the lifespan, behavioural responses and innate immunity of C. elegans. The secondary metabolites produced by bacteria have shown to play key role in C. elegans longevity. This behaviour provides insights for potential development of new strategies for the treatment of diseases in other species, including humans. This review explains the concept of C. elegans microbiome, different mechanisms employed in its longevity and resistance against bacterial pathogens and the effects of various bacteria (both beneficial and harmful) as well as their products on the life cycle of C. elegans.

秀丽隐杆线虫是一种模型生物，用于研究不同的分子，生化，微生物和免疫相关机制。在其自然栖息地中，秀丽隐杆线虫通过喂养微生物（主要是细菌）生存，尽管在实验室中生长时主要在大肠杆菌OP50上存活。研究表明，许多细菌会影响秀丽隐杆线虫的寿命，行为反应和先天免疫力。细菌产生的次生代谢产物已显示在秀丽隐杆线虫寿命中起关键作用。这种行为为潜在开发其他人类（包括人类）疾病的新策略提供了见识。这篇评论解释了秀丽隐杆线虫的概念微生物组，在其长寿性和对细菌病原体的抵抗力以及各种细菌（有益细菌和有害细菌）及其产物对秀丽隐杆线虫生命周期的影响中采用了不同的机制。