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Sequence Specific Modeling of E. coli Cell-Free Protein Synthesis
ACS Synthetic Biology ( IF 4.7 ) Pub Date : 2018-06-26 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.7b00465
Michael Vilkhovoy 1 , Nicholas Horvath 1 , Che-Hsiao Shih 2 , Joseph A. Wayman 1 , Kara Calhoun 3 , James Swartz 3 , Jeffrey D. Varner 1
Affiliation  

Cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS) is a widely used research tool in systems and synthetic biology. However, if CFPS is to become a mainstream technology for applications such as point of care manufacturing, we must understand the performance limits and costs of these systems. Toward this question, we used sequence specific constraint based modeling to evaluate the performance of E. coli cell-free protein synthesis. A core E. coli metabolic network, describing glycolysis, the pentose phosphate pathway, energy metabolism, amino acid biosynthesis, and degradation was augmented with sequence specific descriptions of transcription and translation and effective models of promoter function. Model parameters were largely taken from literature; thus the constraint based approach coupled the transcription and translation of the protein product, and the regulation of gene expression, with the availability of metabolic resources using only a limited number of adjustable model parameters. We tested this approach by simulating the expression of two model proteins: chloramphenicol acetyltransferase and dual emission green fluorescent protein, for which we have data sets; we then expanded the simulations to a range of additional proteins. Protein expression simulations were consistent with measurements for a variety of cases. The constraint based simulations confirmed that oxidative phosphorylation was active in the CAT cell-free extract, as without it there was no feasible solution within the experimental constraints of the system. We then compared the metabolism of theoretically optimal and experimentally constrained CFPS reactions, and developed parameter free correlations which could be used to estimate productivity as a function of carbon number and promoter type. Lastly, global sensitivity analysis identified the key metabolic processes that controlled CFPS productivity and energy efficiency. In summary, sequence specific constraint based modeling of CFPS offered a novel means to a priori estimate the performance of a cell-free system, using only a limited number of adjustable parameters. While we modeled the production of a single protein in this study, the approach could easily be extended to multiprotein synthetic circuits, RNA circuits, or the cell-free production of small molecule products.

中文翻译:

大肠杆菌无细胞蛋白质合成的序列特异性建模

无细胞蛋白质合成(CFPS)是系统和合成生物学中广泛使用的研究工具。但是,如果CFPS成为护理点制造等应用程序的主流技术,我们必须了解这些系统的性能极限和成本。针对这个问题,我们使用基于序列特定约束的建模来评估大肠杆菌无细胞蛋白质合成的性能。核心大肠杆菌代谢网络,描述糖酵解,磷酸戊糖途径,能量代谢,氨基酸生物合成和降解,通过转录和翻译的序列特异性描述以及启动子功能的有效模型得到增强。模型参数主要取自文献;因此,基于约束的方法仅使用有限数量的可调整模型参数将蛋白质产物的转录和翻译以及基因表达的调节与代谢资源的可用性结合在一起。我们通过模拟两种模型蛋白(氯霉素乙酰转移酶和双发射绿色荧光蛋白)的表达来测试这种方法,我们拥有数据集;然后,我们将模拟扩展到一系列其他蛋白质。蛋白质表达模拟与各种情况下的测量结果一致。基于约束的模拟证实了无细胞的CAT提取物中的氧化磷酸化是活跃的,因为没有它,在系统的实验约束内就没有可行的解决方案。然后,我们比较了理论上最佳和实验上受限制的CFPS反应的代谢,并开发了无参数相关性,可用于估计生产力与碳数和启动子类型的关系。最后,全球敏感性分析确定了控制CFPS生产率和能源效率的关键代谢过程。总之,基于序列特定约束的CFPS建模提供了一种新颖的方法 基于约束的模拟证实了无细胞的CAT提取物中的氧化磷酸化是活跃的,因为没有它,在系统的实验约束内就没有可行的解决方案。然后,我们比较了理论上最佳和实验上受限制的CFPS反应的代谢,并开发了无参数相关性,可用于估计生产力与碳数和启动子类型的关系。最后,全球敏感性分析确定了控制CFPS生产率和能源效率的关键代谢过程。总之,基于序列特定约束的CFPS建模提供了一种新颖的方法 基于约束的模拟证实了无细胞的CAT提取物中的氧化磷酸化是活跃的,因为没有它,在系统的实验约束内就没有可行的解决方案。然后,我们比较了理论上最佳和实验上受限制的CFPS反应的代谢,并开发了无参数相关性,可用于估计生产力与碳数和启动子类型的关系。最后,全球敏感性分析确定了控制CFPS生产率和能源效率的关键代谢过程。总之,基于序列特定约束的CFPS建模提供了一种新颖的方法 然后,我们比较了理论上最佳和实验上受限制的CFPS反应的代谢,并开发了无参数相关性,可用于估计生产力与碳数和启动子类型的关系。最后,全球敏感性分析确定了控制CFPS生产率和能源效率的关键代谢过程。总之,基于序列特定约束的CFPS建模提供了一种新颖的方法 然后,我们比较了理论上最佳的和实验上受限制的CFPS反应的代谢,并开发了无参数相关性,这些相关性可用于估计生产力与碳数和启动子类型的关系。最后,全球敏感性分析确定了控制CFPS生产率和能源效率的关键代谢过程。总之,基于序列特定约束的CFPS建模提供了一种新颖的方法仅使用有限数量的可调参数,先验估计无蜂窝系统的性能。虽然我们在此研究中对单个蛋白质的产生进行了建模,但是该方法可以轻松扩展到多蛋白质合成回路,RNA回路或小分子产物的无细胞生产。
更新日期:2018-06-26
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