BACKGROUND Mobile markets are an increasingly popular method for providing access to fresh fruits and vegetables (F/V) in underserved communities; however, evaluation of these programs is limited, as are descriptions of their development, study designs, and needs of the populations they serve. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to describe the development and theoretical basis for Veggie Van (VV), a mobile produce market intervention, the study design for the VV evaluation, and baseline characteristics of the study population. DESIGN The protocol and sample for a cluster-randomized controlled trial with 12 sites are described. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING Community partner organizations in the Triangle region of North Carolina that primarily served lower-income families or were located in areas that had limited access to fresh produce were recruited. Eligible individuals at each site (older than 18 years of age, self-identified as the main shoppers for their household, and expressed interest in using a mobile market) were targeted for enrollment. A total of 201 participants at 12 sites participated in the VV program and evaluation, which was implemented from November 2013 to March 2016. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Change in F/V intake (cups/day), derived from self-reported responses to the National Cancer Institute F/V screener, was the main outcome measure. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED We performed a descriptive analysis of baseline sample characteristics. RESULTS Mean reported F/V intake was 3.4 cups/day. Participants reported generally having some access to fresh F/V, and 57.7% agreed they could afford enough F/V to feed their family. The most frequently cited barriers were cost (55.7%) and time to prepare F/V (20.4%). Self-efficacy was lowest for buying more F/V than usual and trying new vegetables. CONCLUSIONS By addressing cost and convenience and building skills for purchasing and preparing F/V, the VV has the potential to improve F/V consumption in underserved communities.

中文翻译：

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北卡罗来纳州 12 个社区的移动农产品市场计划的集群随机试验：计划开发、方法和基线特征

背景 移动市场是在服务欠缺的社区提供新鲜水果和蔬菜 (F/V) 的一种越来越流行的方法。然而，对这些项目的评估是有限的，对它们的发展、研究设计和所服务人群的需求的描述也是有限的。目的 我们的目的是描述移动农产品市场干预 Veggie Van (VV) 的发展和理论基础、VV 评估的研究设计以及研究人群的基线特征。设计 描述了包含 12 个地点的整群随机对照试验的方案和样本。参与者/环境招募了北卡罗来纳州三角地区的社区合作伙伴组织，这些组织主要服务于低收入家庭或位于新鲜农产品供应有限的地区。每个站点的符合条件的个人（18 岁以上，自认为是其家庭的主要购物者，并表示有兴趣使用移动市场）是注册的目标。从 2013 年 11 月到 2016 年 3 月，共有 12 个地点的 201 名参与者参与了 VV 计划和评估。癌症研究所 F/V 筛查仪是主要的结果测量指标。进行的统计分析 我们对基线样本特征进行了描述性分析。结果平均报告的 F/V 摄入量为 3.4 杯/天。参与者报告说，他们普遍能够获得一些新鲜的 F/V，57.7% 的人同意他们可以负担得起足够的 F/V 来养活家人。最常被提及的障碍是成本（55. 7%）和准备 F/V 的时间（20.4%）。购买比平时更多的 F/V 和尝试新蔬菜的自我效能感最低。结论 通过解决成本和便利性问题以及培养购买和准备 F/V 的技能，VV 有可能改善服务不足社区的 F/V 消费。