Background

Prenatal exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) has been associated with cognitive deficits and behavioral problems in children. To date, no study has examined this exposure in association with neurobehavioral development in infants younger than 12 months assessed with observational tasks.

Objectives

This study examined the relation between prenatal PBDE concentrations and predisposition to frustration, assessed by the arm restraint task (ART), in Canadian infants.

Methods

In a prospective longitudinal study conducted in Canada, exposure to nine PBDE congeners was measured in maternal plasma during the first trimester of pregnancy. The ART was used to measure predisposition to frustration in infancy (N = 333; mean age = 6.9 months), as assessed by negative vocalizations (crying and screaming) and physical reactivity (discomfort movements).

Results

Maternal plasma PBDE-47 concentrations collected during pregnancy were associated with negative vocalizations using the ART (adjusted Relative Risk [aRR] = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.09). Prenatal PBDE-99 concentrations during pregnancy were also related to a shift to the left in the tail of the distribution of onset of negative vocalizations as measured by a decrease of 38 s (95% CI: −78.1, 1.3) in the 75th quantile of the distribution for infants whose mothers had detectable levels of PBDE-99 compared to infants of mothers with undetectable levels. Similarly, infants whose mothers had detectable levels of PBDE-100 showed an increase of 24.1 s (95% CI: 4.1, 44.1) in the 75th quantile of the distribution of proportion of time in negative vocalizations compared with infants of mothers with undetectable levels. Finally, the association between PBDE-47 and PBDE-153, and physical reactivity was significantly modified by sex (p < 0.1), with opposite patterns in girls and boys.

Conclusions

Prenatal exposure to PBDEs was associated with increased incidence of crying and screaming with delayed onset of discomfort movement, which may indicate a predisposition to frustration and lack of habituation in infants younger than 12 months from the general population.

中文翻译：

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产前暴露于多溴二苯醚并易受挫折的原因为7个月：MIREC研究的结果

背景

产前暴露于多溴二苯醚（PBDEs）与儿童的认知缺陷和行为问题有关。迄今为止，尚无研究通过观察任务评估该暴露与12个月以下婴儿的神经行为发育有关。

目标

这项研究通过手臂约束任务（ART）评估了加拿大婴儿的产前PBDE浓度与易感性与挫败感之间的关系。

方法

在加拿大进行的一项前瞻性纵向研究中，在怀孕的前三个月中，对母体血浆中的九种多溴二苯醚同源物进行了测量。ART用于测量婴儿期沮丧情绪的易感性（N = 333；平均年龄= 6.9个月），通过负面发声（哭泣和尖叫）和身体反应（不适感运动）进行评估。

结果

孕妇在妊娠期间收集的血浆PBDE-47浓度与使用ART的阴性发声相关（调整后的相对风险[aRR] = 1.04，95％CI：1.00，1.09）。怀孕期间的产前PBDE-99浓度还与阴性发声开始分布的尾巴左移有关，这通过在第75个分位数中减少38 s（95％CI：-78.1，1.3）来衡量。母亲的PBDE-99水平可检测的婴儿的分布情况与母亲的PBDE-99水平未检测到的婴儿的分布情况。同样，母亲的PBDE-100水平可检测的婴儿与阴性水平的母亲婴儿相比，阴性发声的时间比例分布的第75个分位数显示增加了24.1 s（95％CI：4.1，44.1）。最后，

结论

产前暴露于多溴二苯醚与哭泣和尖叫的发生率增加以及不适感运动延迟发作有关，这可能表明一般人群中小于12个月的婴儿容易产生挫败感和缺乏适应性。