Two-dimensional (2D) layered materials with a non-centrosymmetric structure exhibit great potential for nano-scale electromechanical systems and electronic devices. Piezoelectric and ferroelectric 2D materials draw growing interest for applications in energy harvesting, electronics, and optoelectronics. This article first reviews the preparation of these functional 2D layered materials, including exfoliation methods and vapor phase deposition growth, followed by a general introduction to various piezo/ferro-electric characterization methods. Typical 2D piezoelectric and ferroelectric materials and their electronic properties, together with their potential applications, are also introduced. Finally, future research directions for 2D piezoelectric and ferroelectric materials are discussed.

具有非中心对称结构的二维（2D）层状材料对于纳米级机电系统和电子设备具有巨大的潜力。压电和铁电2D材料在能量收集，电子和光电方面的应用引起了越来越多的兴趣。本文首先回顾了这些功能性2D层状材料的制备，包括剥离方法和气相沉积生长，然后概述了各种压电/铁电表征方法。还介绍了典型的2D压电和铁电材料及其电子特性，以及它们的潜在应用。最后，讨论了二维压电和铁电材料的未来研究方向。