Toward a mechanistic understanding of Feo-mediated ferrous iron uptake,Metallomics

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Toward a mechanistic understanding of Feo-mediated ferrous iron uptake
Metallomics ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2018-06-22 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1039/c8mt00097b
Alexandrea E Sestok ₁ , Richard O Linkous , Aaron T Smith

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Virtually all organisms require iron and have evolved to obtain this element in free or chelated forms. Under anaerobic or low pH conditions commonly encountered by numerous pathogens, iron predominantly exists in the ferrous (Fe²⁺) form. The ferrous iron transport (Feo) system is the only widespread mechanism dedicated solely to bacterial ferrous iron import, and this system has been linked to pathogenic virulence, bacterial colonization, and microbial survival. The canonical feo operon encodes for three proteins that comprise the Feo system: FeoA, a small cytoplasmic β-barrel protein; FeoB, a large, polytopic membrane protein with a soluble G-protein domain capable of hydrolyzing GTP; and FeoC, a small, cytoplasmic protein containing a winged-helix motif. While previous studies have revealed insight into soluble and fragmentary domains of the Feo system, the chief membrane-bound component FeoB remains poorly studied. However, recent advances have demonstrated that large quantities of intact FeoB can be overexpressed, purified, and biophysically characterized, revealing glimpses into FeoB function. Two models of full-length FeoB have been published, providing starting points for hypothesis-driven investigations into the mechanism of FeoB-mediated ferrous iron transport. Finally, in vivo studies have begun to shed light on how this system functions as a unique multicomponent complex. In light of these new data, this review will summarize what is known about the Feo system, including recent advancements in FeoB structure and function.

中文翻译：

对 Feo 介导的亚铁吸收的机制的理解

几乎所有生物体都需要铁，并且已经进化到以游离或螯合形式获得这种元素。在许多病原体通常遇到的厌氧或低pH条件下，铁主要以亚铁(Fe ²⁺ )形式存在。二价铁转运 (Feo) 系统是唯一专门用于细菌二价铁输入的广泛机制，该系统与病原毒力、细菌定植和微生物生存有关。典型的feo操纵子编码构成 Feo 系统的三种蛋白质：FeoA，一种小的细胞质 β-桶蛋白； FeoB，一种大型多胞膜蛋白，具有可水解 GTP 的可溶性 G 蛋白结构域； FeoC，一种含有翼螺旋基序的小型细胞质蛋白。虽然之前的研究已经揭示了 Feo 系统的可溶性和碎片结构域，但主要的膜结合成分 FeoB 的研究仍然很少。然而，最近的进展表明，大量完整的 FeoB 可以被过度表达、纯化和生物物理表征，从而揭示 FeoB 的功能。两个全长 FeoB 模型已发表，为以假设为驱动的 FeoB 介导的二价铁转运机制研究提供了起点。最后，体内研究已经开始揭示该系统如何作为独特的多组分复合物发挥作用。根据这些新数据，本综述将总结有关 Feo 系统的已知信息，包括 FeoB 结构和功能的最新进展。

更新日期：2018-06-22

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