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Trophic Transfer and Transformation of CeO2 Nanoparticles along a Terrestrial Food Chain: Influence of Exposure Routes
Environmental Science & Technology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2018-07-05 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b00596 Yuhui Ma 1 , Yao Yao 1 , Jie Yang 1 , Xiao He 1 , Yayun Ding 1 , Peng Zhang 1 , Junzhe Zhang 1 , Guohua Wang 1 , Changjian Xie 1 , Wenhe Luo 1 , Jing Zhang 2 , Lirong Zheng 2 , Zhifang Chai 1 , Yuliang Zhao 1 , Zhiyong Zhang 1, 3
Environmental Science & Technology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2018-07-05 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b00596 Yuhui Ma 1 , Yao Yao 1 , Jie Yang 1 , Xiao He 1 , Yayun Ding 1 , Peng Zhang 1 , Junzhe Zhang 1 , Guohua Wang 1 , Changjian Xie 1 , Wenhe Luo 1 , Jing Zhang 2 , Lirong Zheng 2 , Zhifang Chai 1 , Yuliang Zhao 1 , Zhiyong Zhang 1, 3
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The trophic transfer and transformation of CeO2 nanoparticles (NPs) through a simulated terrestrial food chain were investigated using a radiotracer technique and X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES). Radioactive 141CeO2 NPs were applied to head lettuce (Lactuca sativa), treated via root exposure in its potting soil (5.5 or 11 mg/plant) for 30 days or foliar exposure (7.2 mg/plant, with half of the leaves treated and the other half not) for 7 days. Subsequently, two groups of land snails (Achatina fulica) were exposed to 141Ce via either a direct (i.e., feeding on the lettuce leaves with 141Ce-contaminated surfaces) or an indirect/trophic (i.e., feeding on the lettuce leaves with systemically distributed 141Ce) route. To evaluate the influence of exposure routes, the Ce contents of the lettuce, snail tissues, and feces were determined by radioactivity measurements. The results show that both assimilation efficiencies (AEs) and food ingestion rates of Ce are greater for the trophic (indirect) exposure. The low AEs indicate that the CeO2 NPs ingested by snails were mostly excreted subsequently, and those that remained in the body were mainly concentrated in the digestive gland. XANES analysis shows that >85% of Ce was reduced to Ce(III) in the digestive gland under direct exposure, whereas Ce in the rest of the food chain (including feces) was largely in its original oxidized (IV) state. This study suggests that CeO2 NPs present in the environment may be taken up by producers and transferred to consumers along food chains and trophic transfer may affect food safety.
中文翻译：
CeO 2纳米粒子沿陆地食物链的营养转移和转化：暴露途径的影响
使用放射性示踪技术和X射线吸收近边缘结构（XANES），研究了CeO 2纳米颗粒（NPs）通过模拟陆地食物链的营养转移和转化。将放射性141 CeO 2 NPs应用于莴苣（莴苣），通过在盆栽土壤中根部暴露（5.5或11 mg /植物）处理30天或叶面暴露（7.2 mg /植物），处理一半的叶子并另一半则没有）持续7天。随后，通过直接（即以141的莴苣叶为食）将两组蜗牛（Achatina fulica）暴露于141 Ce。受Ce污染的表面）或间接/营养（即以具有系统分布的141 Ce的莴苣叶为食）路线。为了评估暴露途径的影响，通过放射性测量确定了莴苣，蜗牛组织和粪便中的铈含量。结果表明，对于营养（间接）暴露，Ce的同化效率（AE）和食物摄入率均更高。低AEs表示CeO 2蜗牛摄入的NP随后大部分被排出，而残留在体内的NP则主要集中在消化腺中。XANES分析显示，在直接暴露下，消化腺中> 85％的Ce被还原为Ce（III），而其余食物链（包括粪便）中的Ce大部分处于其原始的氧化（IV）状态。这项研究表明，环境中存在的CeO 2 NP可能会被生产者吸收，并沿着食物链转移给消费者，营养转移可能会影响食品安全。
更新日期：2018-07-08
中文翻译：
CeO 2纳米粒子沿陆地食物链的营养转移和转化：暴露途径的影响
使用放射性示踪技术和X射线吸收近边缘结构（XANES），研究了CeO 2纳米颗粒（NPs）通过模拟陆地食物链的营养转移和转化。将放射性141 CeO 2 NPs应用于莴苣（莴苣），通过在盆栽土壤中根部暴露（5.5或11 mg /植物）处理30天或叶面暴露（7.2 mg /植物），处理一半的叶子并另一半则没有）持续7天。随后，通过直接（即以141的莴苣叶为食）将两组蜗牛（Achatina fulica）暴露于141 Ce。受Ce污染的表面）或间接/营养（即以具有系统分布的141 Ce的莴苣叶为食）路线。为了评估暴露途径的影响，通过放射性测量确定了莴苣，蜗牛组织和粪便中的铈含量。结果表明，对于营养（间接）暴露，Ce的同化效率（AE）和食物摄入率均更高。低AEs表示CeO 2蜗牛摄入的NP随后大部分被排出，而残留在体内的NP则主要集中在消化腺中。XANES分析显示，在直接暴露下，消化腺中> 85％的Ce被还原为Ce（III），而其余食物链（包括粪便）中的Ce大部分处于其原始的氧化（IV）状态。这项研究表明，环境中存在的CeO 2 NP可能会被生产者吸收，并沿着食物链转移给消费者，营养转移可能会影响食品安全。
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