The use of electric-field to manipulate the transport properties of correlated oxides is promising for achieving nano-functional electronic devices. As a typical correlated oxide material, vanadium dioxide (VO₂) displays a special metal-insulator transition (MIT) at about 340 K. In this work, we select a water-free electrolyte gel, Li⁺/propylene carbonate, to achieve a non-volatile and reversible Li-doping and phase modulation in nano-VO₂ crystal film under gating voltages. Synchrotron characterizations indicate the originally insulating VO₂ undergoes an effective structure change and an increased V 3d-O 2p hybrid t_2g-orbital occupancy, which is responsible for the metallic state formation as proved by first-principle calculation. The field-driving Li-doping shows pronounced facet dependence, indicating the existence of energetically favored channels for Li-ions diffusion along V-V chains as proved by dynamic stimulation. Our current findings will supply opportunities for the electric-field control of atomic sieve, correlated ionitronics and synaptic transistor.

使用电场来操纵相关氧化物的传输特性对于实现纳米功能电子设备是很有前途的。作为典型的相关氧化物材料，二氧化钒（VO ₂）在约340 K时显示出特殊的金属-绝缘体转变（MIT）。在这项工作中，我们选择无水电解质凝胶Li ⁺ /碳酸亚丙酯来实现栅极电压下纳米VO ₂晶体膜中的非易失性和可逆Li掺杂和相位调制。同步加速器表征表明，最初的绝缘VO ₂发生了有效的结构变化，并且V 3 d -O 2 p杂化体t _{2 g}增大。-轨道占有率，这是金属态形成的原因，如通过第一性原理计算所证明。动力驱动的锂掺杂表现出明显的刻面依赖性，表明存在动力上有利的锂离子沿VV链扩散的通道。我们目前的发现将为原子筛，相关离子电子学和突触晶体管的电场控制提供机会。