High-performance anode materials for development of long cycling life and environmental benignity lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are greatly desired. Here, the nanostructure, electrochemical performance and structural evolution of barium niobates in LIBs are reported of the first time. One-dimensional barium niobium oxide (BaNb_3.6O₁₀) nanowires are prepared by electrospinning technique, displaying the “nanoparticle-in-nanowire” morphology. The BaNb_3.6O₁₀ nanowires show high structural stability, high reversible specific capacity (263.8 mAh g⁻¹ at 100 mA g⁻¹), superior rate performance and long-term cycling capability (keeping 60% of the initial reversible capacity at a high current density of 1000 mA g⁻¹ after 5000 cycles). In addition, the mechanism for lithium storage in BaNb_3.6O₁₀ is also studied by using ex-situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM), in-situ X-ray diffraction (XRD), in-situ TEM and theory calculations. The results show that BaNb_3.6O₁₀ nanowires have reversibility and structural stability for the lithiation and delithiation process. The fabricated BaNb_3.6O₁₀/LiMn₂O₄ full cell demonstrates a practical energy density of 270 Wh Kg⁻¹. This work perfectly confirms that the one-dimensional BaNb_3.6O₁₀ nanowires are an ideal material for LIBs.

非常需要用于开发长循环寿命和环境友好的锂离子电池（LIB）的高性能阳极材料。在这里，第一次报道了铌酸钡在铌酸锂中的纳米结构，电化学性能和结构演变。通过静电纺丝技术制备了一维氧化铌钡（BaNb _3.6 O ₁₀）纳米线，表现出“纳米粒子在纳米线中”的形态。所述BaNb _3.6 ø ₁₀纳米线表现出高的结构稳定性，高可逆比容量（毫安263.8克^-1在100mA克^-1），优异的倍率性能和长期循环能力（在5000次循环后，在1000 mA g ^-1的高电流密度下，保持初始可逆容量的60％）。此外，对于存储在锂的BaNb机构_3.6 ø ₁₀也通过使用研究易地透射电子显微镜（TEM），原位X射线衍射（XRD），在原位TEM和理论计算。结果表明，BaNb _3.6 O ₁₀纳米线在锂化和脱锂过程中具有可逆性和结构稳定性。制备的BaNb _3.6 O ₁₀ / LiMn ₂ O ₄满电池的实际能量密度为270 Wh Kg ^-1。这项工作完美地证明了一维BaNb _3.6 O ₁₀纳米线是LIB的理想材料。