Erosion is one of the main environmental problems affecting soil in olive orchards. The present research aims to study the protection effect against soil erosion of three different managements of pruning residues in olive orchard. The investigation was carried out in an olive orchard with a total production of 0.39 kg m⁻² of dry weight of pruning residues every 2 years. These pruning were chopped and scattered in 2 m‐wide strips through three different managements. Management A, with densities of 1.56 kg m⁻² distributed in all the inter‐rows of olive orchard. Management B, with densities of 3.12 kg m⁻² distributed on half of the inter‐rows of olive orchard. And management C, with densities of 3.12 kg m⁻² distributed on half of the inter‐rows of olive orchard, alternating this application every 2 years with another half of the inter‐rows. The influence of the residues on soil protection has been measured through the evolution of three parameters of the residues over 4 years: residues mass degradation, soil cover percentage, and spatial distribution. The results of the study have shown that the management C is the one that best protects the soil from erosion in olive orchard. This management maintains a protecting cover over inter‐rows of olive orchard above 40%, maintaining homogeneity of the cover twice as much as the management in which pruning residues are left in all inter‐rows.

中文翻译：

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修剪橄榄园中用于土壤保护的修剪残留物

侵蚀是影响橄榄园土壤的主要环境问题之一。本研究旨在研究橄榄果园三种不同修剪残渣处理措施对土壤侵蚀的保护作用。该调查是在橄榄园中进行的，每两年生产总残留量为0.39 kg m ^-2的修剪残留物干重。通过三种不同的管理方式将这些修剪切碎并散布在2 m宽的条中。管理A，密度为1.56 kg m ^-2分布在橄榄园的所有行间。管理B，密度为3.12 kg m ^-2分布在橄榄园的一半行间。和管理C，密度为3.12 kg m ^-2分布在一半的橄榄果园行间，每2年将本申请与另一半行列果园交替使用。残留物对土壤保护的影响已通过4年中残留物三个参数的演变来衡量：残留物质量退化，土壤覆盖率和空间分布。研究结果表明，管理碳是能最好地保护土壤免受橄榄园侵蚀的一种碳。该管理人员在40％以上的橄榄园行间保持保护盖，保持该盖的均质性是所有行间残留修剪残留物的管理的两倍。