Even though, owing to the complexity of nanoporous carbons' structure and chemistry, the origin of their photoactivity is not yet fully understood, the recent works addressed here clearly show the ability of these materials to absorb light and convert the photogenerated charge carriers into chemical reactions. In many aspects, nanoporous carbons are similar to graphene; their pores are built of distorted graphene layers and defects that arise from their amorphicity and reactivity. As in graphene, the photoactivity of nanoporous carbons is linked to their semiconducting, optical, and electronic properties, defined by the composition and structural defects in the distorted graphene layers that facilitate the exciton splitting and charge separation, minimizing surface recombination. The tight confinement in the nanopores is critical to avoid surface charge recombination and to obtain high photochemical quantum yields. The results obtained so far, although the field is still in its infancy, leave no doubts on the possibilities of applying photochemistry in the confined space of carbon pores in various strategic disciplines such as degradation of pollutants, solar water splitting, or CO₂ mitigation. Perhaps the future of photovoltaics and smart‐self‐cleaning or photocorrosion coatings is in exploring the use of nanoporous carbons.

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纳米多孔碳光化学活性的起源与展望

尽管由于纳米多孔碳结构和化学的复杂性，其光活性的起源尚未完全了解，但本文讨论的最近的工作清楚地表明了这些材料吸收光并将光生电荷载流子转化为化学反应的能力。在许多方面，纳米多孔碳与石墨烯相似；它们的孔隙由扭曲的石墨烯层和由于其非晶性和反应性而产生的缺陷构成。与石墨烯一样，纳米多孔碳的光活性与其半导体、光学和电子特性相关，这些特性由扭曲的石墨烯层中的成分和结构缺陷定义，这些缺陷促进激子分裂和电荷分离，从而最大限度地减少表面复合。纳米孔中的严格限制对于避免表面电荷复合和获得高光化学量子产率至关重要。尽管该领域仍处于起步阶段，但迄今为止所获得的结果无疑表明了光化学在碳孔有限空间中应用于污染物降解、太阳能水分解或CO 2 减排等各种战略学科的_可能性。也许光伏发电和智能自清洁或光腐蚀涂料的未来在于探索纳米多孔碳的使用。