Abstract Hydrothermal carbonization of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) could mitigate landfill issues while providing a sustainable solid fuel source. This paper demonstrates the impact of processing conditions on the formation and composition of hydrochars and secondary char of OFMSW. Harsher conditions (higher temperatures, longer residence times) decrease generally the solid yield while increasing the higher heating value (HHV), fixed carbon, and elemental carbon. Energy yields upwards of 80% can be obtained at both intermediate and high temperatures (220 and 260–280 °C), but the thermal stability and reactivity of the intermediate hydrochars suggest the formation of a reactive secondary char that condenses on the surface of the primary hydrochar. This secondary char is extractable with organic solvents and is comprised predominantly of organic acids, furfurals and phenols, which peak at 220 and 240 °C and decrease at higher carbonization conditions. The HHVs of secondary char are significantly higher than those of primary char.

中文翻译：

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水热碳化条件对城市固体废物有机部分水热炭和二次炭形成的影响

摘要 城市固体废物有机部分 (OFMSW) 的水热碳化可以缓解垃圾填埋问题，同时提供可持续的固体燃料来源。本文论证了加工条件对 OFMSW 的水化炭和二次炭的形成和组成的影响。更苛刻的条件（更高的温度、更长的停留时间）通常会降低固体产率，同时会增加更高的热值 (HHV)、固定碳和元素碳。在中温和高温（220 和 260–280 °C）下均可获得高达 80% 的能量产率，但中间烃的热稳定性和反应性表明形成了反应性二次炭，该二次炭凝结在初级水碳。这种二次炭可以用有机溶剂萃取，主要由有机酸、糠醛和苯酚组成，在 220 和 240 °C 达到峰值，并在更高的碳化条件下降低。次生炭的 HHV 显着高于初级炭的 HHV。