BACKGROUND Dietary supplement (DS) use is prevalent among the US Armed Forces personnel, but representative cross-service comparisons and characteristics of personnel using DSs are limited. OBJECTIVE Examine DS use and characteristics associated with use in a representative sample of US Armed Forces personnel (Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard) using data from the 2011 Department of Defense Survey of Health-Related Behaviors. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS A stratified random sample of service members (SMs) was contacted and asked to complete a questionnaire assessing personal characteristics and DS use. RESULTS Overall, 69% of the 39,877 SMs reported using DSs ≥1 time per week. The most commonly used DSs were multivitamin or multiminerals (50%), antioxidants (34%), individual vitamins or minerals (33%), bodybuilding supplements (27%), fish oils (26%), herbals (16%), and weight-loss supplements (16%). Multiple logistic regression indicated overall DS use was higher among women, those with higher educational levels, Marine Corps SMs, officers, those with higher body mass index, those engaged in greater physical activity and weight training, and people in weight control programs. DS use was lower when peer groups or leadership discouraged substance abuse. CONCLUSIONS DS use was considerably higher in the US Armed Forces compared with civilian populations, although many demographic and lifestyle factors associated with use were similar. Some categories of DSs extensively used by SMs such as bodybuilding supplements have been associated with adverse events. Discouraging substance abuse through peer groups and leadership actions may reduce use of unnecessary or dangerous DSs.

中文翻译：

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在美国武装部队的大型代表性样本中使用膳食补充剂

背景膳食补充剂 (DS) 的使用在美国武装部队人员中很普遍，但使用 DS 的人员的代表性跨服务比较和特征是有限的。目标 使用来自 2011 年国防部健康相关行为调查的数据，在美国武装部队人员（陆军、海军、空军、海军陆战队和海岸警卫队）的代表性样本中检查 DS 的使用和与使用相关的特征。设计和参与者 联系了服务成员 (SM) 的分层随机样本，并要求他们完成一份评估个人特征和 DS 使用的问卷。结果 总体而言，39,877 名 SM 中的 69% 报告每周使用 DS ≥ 1 次。最常用的 DS 是多种维生素或多种矿物质 (50%)、抗氧化剂 (34%)、个别维生素或矿物质 (33%)、健美补充剂 (27%)、鱼油 (26%)、草药 (16%) 和减肥补充剂 (16%)。多元逻辑回归表明，女性、教育水平较高的人、海军陆战队 SM、军官、体重指数较高的人、从事更多体育活动和体重训练的人以及参与体重控制计划的人使用 DS 的比例更高。当同龄人或领导不鼓励滥用药物时，DS 的使用率较低。结论 与平民人口相比，美国武装部队中 DS 的使用要高得多，尽管许多与使用相关的人口统计和生活方式因素相似。SM 广泛使用的某些类别的 DS，例如健美补充剂，与不良事件有关。通过同伴团体和领导行动阻止药物滥用可能会减少不必要或危险的 DS 的使用。