Langerhans cell histiocytosis is characterized by lesions containing inflammatory immune cells, including myeloid cells and T cells. Patient mortality remains unacceptably high and new treatment options are required. Several LCH studies have identified aberrant frequencies of T cell subsets with potential immune regulatory properties. High numbers of Foxp3⁺ regulatory T cells and gamma-delta T cells have been reported in patients with LCH, although, the cause of their presence or their significance is not yet clear. This review describes the current understanding of how LCH develops and progresses, focusing on the growing evidence that regulatory T cell subsets may be important and discussing the exciting potential for harnessing these cells to treat LCH using immune based therapies.

朗格汉斯细胞组织细胞增生症的特征是病变中含有炎症性免疫细胞，包括髓样细胞和T细胞。患者死亡率仍然高得令人无法接受，因此需要新的治疗选择。几项LCH研究已经确定了具有潜在免疫调节特性的T细胞亚群的异常频率。LCH患者中已报道了大量的Foxp3 ⁺调节性T细胞和γ-δT细胞，尽管其存在的原因或意义尚不清楚。这篇综述描述了对LCH如何发展和进展的当前理解，重点是越来越多的证据表明调节性T细胞亚群可能很重要，并讨论了利用基于免疫的疗法利用这些细胞治疗LCH的令人兴奋的潜力。