Abstract Current surgical treatments for osteochondral injuries include chondrocyte transplantation, osteochondral grafts, and bone marrow stimulation. Despite these approaches, repaired tissues often show limited regeneration resulting in fibrocartilage formation with poor mechanical properties. To overcome these shortcomings, a regenerative cell-laden scaffold therapy is a promising treatment option. In this study, we propose a three-dimensional (3D) micro-sized mesh structure using a cell-laden collagen bioink. To achieve the optimal cell-printing condition for the fabrication of cell-laden collagen structure, porous mesh collagen scaffold (PMCS) were assessed for the mechanical properties, printability and cell viability analysis. In vivo regenerative effects of PMCS were compared to the injecting hydrogel without pores (non-porous collagen scaffold (NPCS)), collagen/poly(e-caprolactone) (PCL) hybrid scaffold (CPHS)), and pure PCL scaffold (PPS). The porous mesh-structured/cell-laden collagen scaffold (PMCS) showed significantly enhanced cartilage regeneration in vivo compared to other conditions.

中文翻译：

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用于体内关节软骨组织再生的 3D 打印载有细胞的胶原蛋白和混合支架

摘要 目前骨软骨损伤的手术治疗包括软骨细胞移植、骨软骨移植和骨髓刺激。尽管有这些方法，修复后的组织通常表现出有限的再生，导致纤维软骨形成，机械性能较差。为了克服这些缺点，再生细胞支架疗法是一种很有前景的治疗选择。在这项研究中，我们提出了一种使用载有细胞的胶原蛋白生物墨水的三维 (3D) 微型网状结构。为了获得用于制造载有细胞的胶原结构的最佳细胞打印条件，对多孔网状胶原支架 (PMCS) 的机械性能、可印刷性和细胞活力分析进行了评估。将 PMCS 的体内再生效果与无孔注射水凝胶（无孔胶原支架 (NPCS)）、胶原/聚（e-己内酯）（PCL）混合支架（CPHS）和纯 PCL 支架（PPS）进行比较. 与其他条件相比，多孔网状结构/载有细胞的胶原蛋白支架 (PMCS) 显示出显着增强的体内软骨再生。