Glyphosate, as a broad-spectrum herbicide, is frequently detected in water, and phosphorus widely enters the water due to the extensive use of phosphorus-containing substances in agriculture, industries and daily life. Thus, aquatic ecosystems are exposed to both glyphosate and phosphorus, which may affect aquatic organisms. In the present research, we studied the physiological responses of the floating aquatic plant species H. dubia to different concentrations of glyphosate (0, 1, 5, 15 mg/L) with different levels of phosphate (0, 50, 100 mg/L) after 14 days (d) of treatment. We explored glyphosate toxicity in H. dubia and investigated whether phosphate addition mitigates glyphosate toxicity in this species, which will provide a theoretical basis for the ecotoxicological study of aquatic plants. The results show that glyphosate significantly reduced the chlorophyll content, leaf number and root length of H. dubia, while it significantly increased the malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), shikimate, proline, and soluble protein content and enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), guaiacol peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO)) in H. dubia. After phosphate supplement, the MDA, H₂O₂, proline, and soluble protein contents and enzyme activities in the plants treated with glyphosate decreased. These results indicate that the concentration of glyphosate investigated in our study can cause oxidative stress and affect the growth of H. dubia. Phosphate can alleviate glyphosate-induced oxidative stress in H. dubia.

草甘膦作为广谱除草剂，在水中经常被检出，而由于含磷物质在农业、工业和日常生活中的大量使用，磷也广泛进入水体。因此，水生生态系统同时暴露于草甘膦和磷，这可能会影响水生生物。在本研究中，我们研究了漂浮水生植物H. dubia对不同浓度草甘膦（0、1、5、15 mg/L）和不同水平磷酸盐（0、50、100 mg/L）的生理反应。 ) 治疗 14 天 (d) 后。我们探讨了草甘膦对红藻的毒性，并研究了磷酸盐的添加是否可以减轻该物种的草甘膦毒性，这将为水生植物的生态毒理学研究提供理论基础。结果表明，草甘膦显着降低了苦木的叶绿素含量、叶片数量和根长，而显着增加了丙二醛（MDA）、过氧化氢（H ₂ O ₂ ）、莽草酸、脯氨酸、可溶性蛋白含量和酶的含量。 H. dubia的活性（超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、愈创木酚过氧化物酶（POD）、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶（APX）和多酚氧化酶（PPO））。补磷后，草甘膦处理植株的MDA、H ₂ O ₂ 、脯氨酸、可溶性蛋白含量和酶活性均下降。这些结果表明，我们研究中所研究的草甘膦浓度会引起氧化应激并影响H. dubia的生长。磷酸盐可以减轻草甘膦诱导的疑似木鳖氧化应激。