Biochar has a significant effect on alleviating acid soil aluminum (Al) toxicity and promoting plant growth. The potential effects of aged biochar (long-term applied biochar in soil) on soil amendment have attracted increasing attention. Here, the effects of biochar and aged biochar were evaluated through a pot experiment. The seedlings of cabbage were grown in red soil for 45 days with the following four biochar treatments: CK (0% biochar), PB (2% primary biochar), WB (2% water washed biochar) and AB (2% acidulated biochar) to investigate the potential effect of biochar and aged biochar on mitigating red soil aluminum toxicity and improving cabbage growth. Results indicated that biochar increased the content of available potassium, available phosphorus, and organic carbon in red soil and improved cabbage growth. Biochar not only increased the pH of red soil by 0.42 units, but also reduced exchangeable acid and exchangeable hydrogen (H⁺) content by 52.74% and 2.86% respectively compared with CK. Additionally, the amount of the total active aluminum and exchangeable Al³⁺ were reduced by 26.74% and 66.09%, respectively. However, water washed biochar and acidulated biochar decreased the effect of relieving the acidity substantially as compared to the primary biochar. Moreover, acidulated biochar treatment increased the Al³⁺ content by 8.07% and trend of increasing soil available nutrients was declined with aged biochar. Taken together, it is concluded that biochar can reduce aluminum toxicity by increasing pH of acid soil and available nutrients, thus improves cabbage growth. However, aged biochar had a negative effect on aluminum toxicity reduction and acidic soil improvement, thus inhibited plant growth.

生物炭对减轻酸性土壤铝（Al）毒性和促进植物生长具有显著作用。老化的生物炭（在土壤中长期施用生物炭）对土壤改良剂的潜在影响已引起越来越多的关注。在这里，通过盆栽实验评估了生物炭和老化生物炭的效果。通过以下四种生物炭处理，白菜苗在红壤中生长45天：CK（0％生物炭），PB（2％主要生物炭），WB（2％水洗生物炭）和AB（2％酸化生物炭）研究生物炭和老化的生物炭对减轻红壤铝毒性和改善甘蓝生长的潜在影响。结果表明，生物炭增加了红壤中速效钾，速效磷和有机碳的含量，改善了甘蓝的生长。⁺）含量比CK分别高52.74％和2.86％。此外，活性铝和可交换Al ³⁺的总量分别减少了26.74％和66.09％。然而，与初级生物炭相比，水洗的生物炭和酸化的生物炭实质上降低了减轻酸度的作用。此外，酸化生物炭处理增加了Al ³⁺随着生物炭老化，土壤有机质含量下降了8.07％，土壤有效养分增加的趋势有所下降。综上所述，可以得出结论，生物炭可以通过增加酸性土壤的pH值和有效养分来降低铝的毒性，从而改善白菜的生长。然而，老化的生物炭对减少铝的毒性和改善酸性土壤有负面影响，因此抑制了植物的生长。