Cyanobacteria release abundant volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which can poison other algae and cause water odor. To uncover the effects of nitrogen (N) nutrients on the formation of cyanobacteria VOCs, the cell growth, VOC emission and the expression of genes involving in VOC formation in Microcystis aeruginosa were investigated under different N conditions. With the supplement of NaNO₃, NaNO₂, NH₄Cl, urea, Serine (Ser) and Arginine (Arg) as the sole N source, NaNO₃, urea and Arg showed the best effects on M. aeruginosa cell growth, and limited N supply inhibited the cell growth. M. aeruginosa released 26, 25, 23, 27, 23 and 25 compounds, respectively, in response to different N forms, including furans, sulfocompounds, terpenoids, benzenes, hydrocarbons, aldehydes, and esters. Low-N especially Non-N condition markedly promoted the VOC emission. Under Non-N condition, four up-regulated genes involving in VOC precursor formation were identified, including the genes of pyruvate kinase, malic enzyme and phosphotransacetylase for terpenoids, the gene of aspartate aminotransferase for benzenes and sulfocompounds. In eutrophic water, cyanobacteria release different VOC blends using various N forms, and the reduction of N amount caused by cyanobacteria massive growth can promote algal VOC emission by up-regulating the gene expression.

蓝细菌释放出大量的挥发性有机化合物（VOC），这些化合物会毒化其他藻类并引起水味。为了揭示氮（N）营养素对蓝藻VOCs形成的影响，研究了在不同氮素条件下铜绿微囊藻的细胞生长，VOC排放以及涉及VOC形成的基因的表达。补充NaNO ₃，NaNO ₂，NH ₄ Cl，尿素，丝氨酸（Ser）和精氨酸（Arg）作为唯一的氮源，NaNO ₃，尿素和Arg对铜绿假单胞菌细胞生长表现出最好的作用，并且作用有限。氮的供应抑制了细胞的生长。铜绿假单胞菌分别响应不同的N形式释放了26、25、23、27、23和25种化合物，包括呋喃，磺化合物，萜类化合物，苯，烃，醛和酯。低氮特别是非氮条件明显促进了VOC的排放。在非氮条件下，鉴定出涉及VOC前体形成的四个上调基因，包括丙酮酸激酶，苹果酸酶和磷酸转乙酰酶的萜类化合物基因，天冬氨酸氨基转移酶的苯和磺基化合物基因。在富营养化的水中，蓝细菌使用各种N形式释放不同的VOC混合物，并且由蓝细菌大量生长引起的N量减少可以通过上调基因表达来促进藻类VOC的释放。