This study examines residual stresses in bead-on-plate welded specimens in transverse direction over the thickness of the plate, using a combination of experimental and numerical procedures. Dilatometer and tensile tests were used to determine the phase transition temperatures with associated volumetric strains and the stressstrain relationships of the S355G10+M base material. Temperature profiles have been measured during welding. Residual stresses of the base plate and the welded specimen were determined with the crack compliance method. The thermal (finite element) simulations used the measured material parameters as input and the experimentally obtained temperature profiles were used as calibration data for the welding process. The residual stress predicted by the subsequent mechanical simulations were compared with the measured residual stress and a good agreement was obtained. This study demonstrates the importance of using correct phase transition temperatures and volumetric strains in simulations of residual stresses.

中文翻译：

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焊接残余应力的联合实验和数值检验

本研究结合了实验和数值程序，研究了钢板厚度横向上焊道焊接试样中的残余应力。膨胀计和拉伸试验用于确定相变温度与相关的体积应变和 S355G10+M 基材的应力应变关系。在焊接过程中测量了温度曲线。用裂纹柔量法测定底板和焊接试样的残余应力。热（有限元）模拟使用测量的材料参数作为输入，实验获得的温度曲线用作焊接过程的校准数据。通过随后的机械模拟预测的残余应力与测量的残余应力进行了比较，并获得了良好的一致性。这项研究证明了在残余应力模拟中使用正确的相变温度和体积应变的重要性。