In this work, electrochemical CO₂ reduction to formate on Tin cathode coupled with Pt, IrO₂-Ta₂O₅/Ti and β-PbO₂/Ti anodes was investigated by electrochemical tests and lab-scale experiments. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of the prepared anodes demonstrate the layers doped on Ti plates exist in tetragonal phase of IrO₂ and β-PbO₂ crystals with dendritic and pyramid shapes, respectively, benefiting to increasing anode area in water electrolysis. The electrochemical measurements including cyclic voltammetry (CV), polarization curve and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) performed in Na₂SO₄ solution indicate the IrO₂-Ta₂O₅/Ti anode possesses higher oxygen evolution activity compared with those of Pt and β-PbO₂/Ti ones; this is because of its excellent abilities in enlarging electrode area, decreasing oxygen evolution potential (OEP) and increasing oxidation kinetics for water decomposition, which effectively enhances the CO₂ reduction. The faradic and energy efficiencies of IrO₂-Ta₂O₅/Ti anode are 40.2% and 27.4%, raising by ratios of 7.2%, 81.1% and 12.8%, 242.5% to those of Pt and β-PbO₂/Ti, respectively, at applied current of 0.3 A and reaction time of 24 h during formate production. Moreover, the power consumption lowered to 13.0 kW h/kg formate on IrO₂-Ta₂O₅/Ti anode was achieved and it is much less than those on other two anodes, offsetting about 53.8% of the input energy if prices of the formate and electricity are overall taken into account. Therefore, anode materials highly affect the reductive kinetics and employment of anodes with lower OEP is a cost-effective strategy for electrochemical CO₂ reduction.

在这项工作中，通过电化学测试和实验室规模的实验，研究了在与Pt，IrO ₂ -Ta ₂ O ₅ / Ti和β- PbO ₂ / Ti阳极耦合的锡阴极上电化学CO ₂还原生成甲酸的方法。制备的阳极的扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和X射线衍射（XRD）图谱表明，掺杂在Ti板上的层存在于IrO ₂和β- PbO _2的四方相中。分别具有树枝状和金字塔形的晶体，有利于增加水电解中的阳极面积。在Na ₂ SO ₄溶液中进行的电化学测量（包括循环伏安法（CV），极化曲线和电化学阻抗谱（EIS））表明，与Pt和β相比，IrO ₂ -Ta ₂ O ₅ / Ti阳极具有更高的析氧活性。-PbO ₂ / Ti的; 这是因为其在扩大电极面积，降低氧气析出电势（OEP）和增加水分解的氧化动力学方面具有出色的能力，从而有效地提高了CO ₂减少。IrO ₂ -Ta ₂ O ₅ / Ti阳极的法拉第效率和能量效率分别为Pt和β- PbO ₂ / Ti的40.2％和27.4％，分别提高了7.2％，81.1％和12.8％，242.5％。在甲酸生产过程中，分别施加0.3 A的电流和24 h的反应时间。此外，在IrO ₂ -Ta ₂ O ₅上，能耗降低到13.0 kW h / kg甲酸。/ Ti阳极可以实现，它比其他两个阳极要小得多，如果将甲酸盐和电的价格综合考虑，则可抵消约53.8％的输入能量。因此，阳极材料会极大地影响还原动力学，并且采用较低的OEP阳极是降低电化学CO _2的一种经济有效的策略。