A novel “urea cross-linking reaction”, involving the facile reaction between urea amide and isocyanate groups of an isocyanate-terminated poly(dimethylsiloxane) (iPD), was employed to fabricate superhydrophobic melamine sponge (SMS) as an efficient oil- and organic-solvent-absorbent material. By heating, isocyanate terminals of iPD can react with the secondary amine groups of melamine sponge (MS), rendering covalent urea bonds over the surface of MS skeleton. The resultant SMS exhibits a high water contact angle (WCA) of 153.4°, excellent volumetric absorption capacity (1.163–1.661 m³/m³), superior selectivity, and high absorption capacity retention (85.1–98.7%) over 30 sorption–squeezing cycles for different oils and organic solvents. The fabrication procedure of SMS is simple and cost-effective, and the robust, recyclable SMS is efficient in the separation of various oils and organic solvent/water mixtures. Therefore, a readily available process for environmental cleanup and remediation was provided in this study.

中文翻译：

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交联尿素网络改性超疏水三聚氰胺海绵作为可回收吸油材料

一种新颖的“尿素交联反应”，涉及脲酰胺和异氰酸酯封端的聚二甲基硅氧烷（iPD）的异氰酸酯基团之间的便捷反应，被用来制造超疏水的三聚氰胺海绵（SMS），作为一种有效的油和有机溶剂-吸收溶剂的材料。通过加热，iPD的异氰酸酯末端可与三聚氰胺海绵（MS）的仲胺基反应，在MS骨架表面形成共价脲键。所得的SMS表现出153.4°的高水接触角（WCA），出色的体积吸收能力（1.163–1.661 m ³ / m ³），优异的选择性和在不同油和有机溶剂的30个吸附-压缩循环中的高吸收容量保留率（85.1-98.7％）。SMS的制造过程简单且具有成本效益，而坚固，可回收的SMS在分离各种油和有机溶剂/水混合物时非常有效。因此，本研究提供了一种易于使用的环境清洁和修复方法。