The structure and function of cecal microbiota following the consumption of a zinc (Zn) biofortified wheat diet was evaluated in a well-studied animal model of human nutrition (Gallus gallus) during a six-week efficacy trial. Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, a significant increase in β- but not α-microbial diversity was observed in the animals receiving the Zn biofortified wheat diet, relative to the control. No significant taxonomic differences were found between the two groups. Linear discriminant analysis revealed a group of metagenomic biomarkers that delineated the Zn replete versus Zn deficient phenotypes, such that enrichment of lactic acid bacteria and concomitant increases in Zn-dependent bacterial metabolic pathways were observed in the Zn biofortified group, and expansion of mucin-degraders and specific bacterial groups able to participate in maintaining host Zn homeostasis were observed in the control group. Additionally, the Ruminococcus genus appeared to be a key player in delineating the Zn replete microbiota from the control group, as it strongly predicts host Zn adequacy. Our data demonstrate that the gut microbiome associated with Zn biofortified wheat ingestion is unique and may influence host Zn status. Microbiota analysis in biofortification trials represents a crucial area for study as Zn biofortified diets are increasingly delivered on a population-wide scale.

中文翻译：

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在肠道的改变（鸡内金）微生态继锌生物强化小麦的消费（小麦）基金饮食

在经过充分研究的人类营养动物模型（Gallus gallus）中评估了食用锌（Zn）生物强化小麦饮食后盲肠微生物的结构和功能）进行为期六周的功效试验。使用16S rRNA基因测序，与对照组相比，在接受锌生物强化小麦饮食的动物中，观察到β-微生物多样性显着增加，但未观察到α-微生物多样性的显着增加。两组之间没有发现明显的分类学差异。线性判别分析显示了一组宏基因组生物标志物，它们描述了锌的丰富与锌缺乏的表型，从而在锌生物强化组中观察到乳酸菌的富集和锌依赖性细菌代谢途径的同时增加，以及粘蛋白降解物的扩展在对照组中观察到能够参与维持宿主Zn稳态的特定细菌群。此外，Ruminococcus属似乎是从对照组中描绘出充足的锌菌群的关键参与者，因为它强烈地预测了宿主锌的充足性。我们的数据表明，与锌生物强化小麦摄入有关的肠道微生物组是独特的，并且可能影响宿主锌的状态。随着锌生物强化饮食在整个人口范围内的日益普及，生物强化试验中的微生物群分析代表了一个至关重要的研究领域。