Recent advances in cell tracing and sequencing technologies have expanded our knowledge on leukocyte behavior. As a consequence, inflammatory cells, such as monocyte-derived macrophages, and their actions and products are increasingly being considered as potential drug targets for treatment of atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction and heart failure. Particularly promising developments are the identification of harmful arterial and cardiac macrophage subsets, the cells' altered, sometimes even clonal production in hematopoietic organs, and epigenetically entrained memories of myeloid progenitors and macrophages in the setting of cardiovascular disease. Given the roles of monocytes and macrophages in host defense, intricately understanding the involved cellular subsets, sources and functions is essential for the design of precision therapeutics that preserve protective innate immunity. Here I review how new clinical and preclinical data, often linking the cardiovascular, immune and other organ systems, propel conceptual advances to a point where cardiovascular immunotherapy appears within reach.

中文翻译：

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髓样细胞对心血管健康和疾病的贡献。

细胞追踪和测序技术的最新进展扩展了我们对白细胞行为的了解。结果，诸如单核细胞衍生的巨噬细胞之类的炎性细胞及其作用和产物被越来越多地视为治疗动脉粥样硬化，心肌梗塞和心力衰竭的潜在药物靶标。特别有希望的发展是有害动脉和心脏巨噬细胞亚群的鉴定，造血器官中细胞的改变，有时甚至是克隆产生，以及在心血管疾病中表观遗传性的髓系祖细胞和巨噬细胞的记忆。鉴于单核细胞和巨噬细胞在宿主防御中的作用，请深入了解所涉及的细胞亚群，来源和功能对于设计能够保护先天性免疫力的精密疗法至关重要。在这里，我回顾了通常将心血管，免疫和其他器官系统联系在一起的新的临床和临床前数据如何推动概念的发展，使心血管免疫疗法的出现触手可及。